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Livor Mortis
By: Sarah Wright
the discoloration of skin due to the pooling of blood in the dependent parts of the body following death
Etymology
- derived from the latin words livor and mortis
- livor = bluish color
- mortis = of death
Etymology
Description
- definition: the discoloration of skin due to the pooling of blood in the dependent parts of the body following death
- first stage of decomposition (starts occuring before algor mortis and rigor mortis)
- blood begins pooling once the heart stops
- gravity causes blood to settle in lowest part of body possible
- these areas turn blue/dark purple, and are called lividity
Importance In Determining Time of Death
- 2 hours: skin becomes bluish and blotchy
- 3-6 hours: lividity will turn pale when poked
- 5-6 hours: blotches will begin to combine
- 12+ hours: touching lividity will no longer elicit changes in color
Influence of Environmental Factors
- Due to where the individual died, the livitity may appear as a "pattern"
- For example, if someone died on their back on top of a tire, the livity on their back will be pattern of the tire
Influence of Environmental Factors
Mechanisms in Forensics
- The location of the lividity determines the lowest part of the body
- this can be used to determine the cause of death; if an individual has discoloration in their feet, they are most likely a hanging victim
- important in identifying if the body has been moved after death
- if a body is found face-down but the lividity is only on the back, then the body has been moved
- important in estimating a time of death
(Not So) Fun Facts
- Certain poisons will make the lividity a different color. For example, carbon monoxide poisoning will lead to a cherry-pink colored lividity.
- The first mention of livor mortis comes from the mid-13th century, in a Chinese handbook, written by Sung Tz'u.
- Males who die by hanging often aquire a "death erection" due to the pooling of blood in their penis.
References
- http://www.iupui.edu/~pathol/autopsy/main/11/11.htm
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/livor-mortis
- https://www.study.com/academy/lesson/livor-mortis-definition-lesson.html
- http://www.thepostmortempost.com/2015/10/01/stage-4-livor-mortis-2/
- https://www.wayzata.k12.mn.us/cms/lib/MN01001540/Centricity/Domain/688/Death%20Stages.pdf
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