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By Emily Blessing
Nationalism becomes Ultranationalism when patriotism, pride, national support, and protection become unnecessarily destructive, or evolve into superiority and/or dominance. This presentation will explore these ideas, and provide examples for the different places on the nationalism spectrum.
My definition: Nationalism is supporting one’s country, and patriotically helping to preserve ideals, beliefs, customs, etc. Nationalism can aid in national advancement.
Nationalism is seen in both positive and negative lights depending on the individual or situation, but is often associated with patriotism. Nationalism promotes the interests and way of life of a particular nation, and introduces ideas of cultural preservation and protection.
On March 18, 2020, the Government of Canada allocated $305 million for a new Indigenous Community Support Fund (ICSF). The money was part of the Canadian COVID-19 Economic Response Plan, and addressed immediate needs for First Nations, Inuit, and Metis communities across Canada.
Create national security and safety
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National advancement
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Preservation of culture, language, traditions, customs, etc.
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Form unity and national pride in the population
My definition: Ultranationalism is an idea of superiority or dominance above others. Ultranationalism takes national advancement and preservation to an extreme that can often be at the detrimental expense of others.
Ultranationalism is the extreme form of nationalism, which is often associated with dictators, riots, etc. Violence or destruction of some kind is also seen in ultranationalism.
Germany under the control of Hitler and the Nazis is a good example of ultranationalism. The Holocaust killed millions of people, and forced millions into death camps. Hitler believed that the "Aryan race" was supirior, and desired ethnic uniformity and "purity" for Germany. The many horrors of the Holocaust provide an example of ultranationalist efforts.
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Assert dominance or superiority over others
Control over other countries
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Uniformity
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Forcing beliefs, religion, values and/or customs onto others
Many influential people in history have started their nationalist efforts with nationalistic ideas but ended up crossing into ultranationalism. When the efforts and actions of an individual begin to infringe upon the liberties and negatively affect the lives of others is when they become ultranationalists. People may have differing opinions on what constitutes ultranationalism compared to nationalism, but I believe the line is often crossed when a person believes their needs or wants take precedence.
Hitler was the force behind the Holocaust, which was a genocide that caused mass death and suffering.
Putin recently began a war on Ukraine that has resulted in the death of around 3500 people as of May 9, 2022. Around 3500 others have been injured.
Joseph Stalin is known for being a dictator of the Soviet Union and was responsible for the deaths of millions of Soviet citizens.
FRENCH REVOLUTION
The french revolution provides an example of nationalism becoming ultranationalism. Throughout the revolution, the nationalism exhibited by the people of France shifted, and some events crossed into ultranationalism territory. The Reign of Terror is the most notable example of nationalism becoming ultranationalism.
The Reign of Terror was a period of great bloodshed and unjust acts during the French Revolution. This event resulted from people fearing opposition to the revolution, and numerous people were accused of treason and anti-revolution activity resulting in the persecution of many.
NATIONALISM
ULTRANATIONALISM
Examples: Putin's actions agaisnt the Ukraine in 2022, Reign of Terror
Examples: Conscription during WW I and II
Examples: Slavery, Holocaust
Examples: Space Race, Olympics
Examples: Worlds Irish Dance Championship
Examples: European Imperialism
Ultimately, nationalism can become ultranationalism based on many different factors. Ultranationalism is simply extreme nationalism, which has been adopted by many people throughout history. Many wars and events that have shaped our world today have been the direct result of ultranationalists.