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Role of the

K i n g

of England

Origins of

the monarchy

Origins of the Monarchy

The history of England begins around the middle of the 5th century AD, when in 410 tribes of Angles and Saxons invaded the shores of Britain abandoned by the last Roman legions. The Anglo-Saxons called this island Angleland,"Land of the Angles", which will later become England. In the Middle Ages, from the V to the XVI century, England was invaded by many foreign populations (Danes, Vikings, Normans) who have influenced the territory with their culture. In fact, the Danes and the Normans created the first examples of reigning dynasties. After the War of the Roses, between the two families of Lancaster and York (1455 -1485), Henry VII Tudor came to the throne, with his absolutistic reign. This was followed by the breakup of England from the Roman Church and the development policy of Elizabeth I. At the time of the French Revolution and the defeat of Napoleon, Great Britain expanded its possessions becoming a global power.

Role of the monarch

Then

The king in the past had full control of its country, since monarchs were considered as powerful as deities. The Divine Right of the King is a doctrine which started in the XVII century. Kings believed that their power was determined by God, and that they had total control of the country without any help from the Parliament; this could be considered the earlier form of Absolutism that will later spread in all Europe. In fact the king was only one step below God, according to "The Great Chain of Being".

This will lead to great revolutions and contrasts between the Parliament and kings such as Henry VIII and James I.

Role of the monarch

then

Henry VIII

HENRY VIII

Henry VIII was Henry VII’s second son. He was known as the “Golden Prince” because of his good look and sporting abilities he was admired for his intellect. This earned him the title of “Defender of the Faith”. Henry came to the throne in 1509 marrying his older brother’s widow who was Catherine of Aragon. The marriage lasted 24 years and after those years he asked the pope for annulment of his marriage. Unfortunately, the pope refused that request and Henry broke up from Rome and became the “Supreme Head of the Church of England” with the Act of Supremacy in 1534. He was the founder of the Anglican Church, and he will decide to dissolve the monasteries taking their land. Henry will divorce from Catherine and he will have four more wives but just one of them will give him his desired heir, Edward.

The King is the Head of State of the United Kingdom. However, his powers are mainly symbolic and ceremonial, and he remains politically neutral. The British monarchy is a constitutional monarchy, which means that the king is the Head of State, but laws are issued and approved by an elected Parliament. The King has a series of official parliamentary roles, including the appointment of the government. When a legislative act is approved by Parliament, it must be formally approved by the King to become law. The King is also the head of the Commonwealth, an association of 56 independent countries – and head of state for 14 of these, known as Commonwealth realms.

Role of the monarch

now

Role of the monarch

NOW

Meetings with the King

MEETINGS WITH THE KING

Meetings The Prime Minister normally meets the King on Wednesdays at Buckingham Palace, to keep him informed on government matters. These meetings are completely private and there is no official record of what is said. The king also hosts visiting heads of state and meets with foreign ambassadors. However, ordinary people can also meet the King on special occasions, such as honorific ceremonies or official celebrations. During the meeting, the person meeting the King is introduced by a member of the royal staff and has the opportunity to exchange brief conversations with the King. In general, etiquette requires addressing the King as "Your Majesty" or "Sir", depending on the ruler's gender.

The English Prime Minister, Rishi Sunak

Elizabeth II

Elizabeth II

Elizabeth II inherited the throne in 1936 due to the abdication of her uncle Edward VIII, and officially became queen in 1952 along with her husband Prince Philip Mountbatten.  Elizabeth II became Queen in a period of big changes of  the British Empire: it was becoming a voluntary union of states - the Commonwealth - which symbolically recognize the Queen as their political leader. Her reign was the longest although in more recent years her power was only symbolic.

Coronation of Charles III

The coronation of Charles III took place on 6 May 2023 in London. Charles had ascended the throne on 8 September 2022, upon the death of his mother, Queen Elizabeth II. The ceremony was structured according to the Anglican rite of the Eucharist; it included the anointing of Charles with sacred oil, the giving of the crown at the coronation, it symbolized the assumption of spiritual responsibilities. Camilla (wife of Charles) was crowned with a simpler ceremony. After the service, members of the royal family made their way to Buckingham Palace in a procession and appeared on the balcony of the palace. The coronation of Charles and Camilla united different cultures and communities in the United Kingdom. The coronation of Charles and Camilla was the first by a British monarch in the 21st century.

Charles III

A missed destiny

Diana Frances Spencer also known as Lady Diana she was born in Sandringham, July 1, 1961 and died in Paris, due to a car accident, on August 31, 1997, she was from 1981 to 1996 consort of Charles, Prince of Wales, now King of the United Kingdom. With him she had two sons: William and Harry.

The Spencers are one of the oldest and most important British families, closely connected with the royal family for several generations.

She was destined to have the title of queen and not queen consort.

This did not happen because of the separation between Diana and Charles which was made official on December 9, 1992

The Queens

Diana's Death

Diana's Death

Diana's death still represents a mystery, as well as the pitfalls that have run through her relationship with Carlo throughout her life, which led her to experience a deep depression.

She probably died as a result of a pursuit by journalists, while she was returning to her hotel in Paris, with her partner, Dodi Al Fayed.

Despite the fact that she failed to become queen, she was considered queen of the hearts of the people, for her charitable deeds, even 26 years after her death she is still remembered for her infinite goodness.

The British royal family is made up of several members, each with their own roles and responsibilities.

Royal Family Rules

Marriage

Marriage

There are rules regarding the marriage of members of the royal family, such as the need to obtain the sovereign's consent to get married and the choice of partners who are not divorced, even if today both, queen Camilla and king Charles are both divorced from Andrew Parker Bowels and Diana Spencer.

Protocol

Protocol

There are strict rules regarding order of precedence and behavior on public occasions. For example, members of the royal family must greet each other in the correct order and women must wear hats on some formal occasions.

Dress code

Dress Code

Members of the royal family must observe a specific dress code on public occasions, such as wearing of formal suits and ties for men and wearing of elegant suits and hats for women.

Titles

Titles

Members of the royal family have official and formal titles that indicate their rank and position in the hierarchy. For example, the ruler is addressed as "His Majesty", the heir to the throne as "His Royal Highness", etc.

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