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AIR, WATER AND WEATHER

SUN

Weather

Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System. It appears as a big ball of hot, burning gases. It is mostly made up of hydrogen gas (about 70%). In the Sun, hydrogen is continuously changes into helium gas which results in the emission of huge

Weather

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Weather

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy.

The sun causes changes in Weather

The sun causes changes in weather

The rotation of the earth on its axis causes day and night.

The revolution of the earth causes change in the season.

Even during one season, the weather changes from day to day and sometimes from hour to hour.

The sun causes wind to blow

The movement of the wind is affected by the heat of the sun. The heat of the sun heats up the air. After heating, air becomes lighter and rises. The cool air, which is heavier, moves in to take its place.

The sun causes wind to blow

The sun causes changes in the state of water

The sun causes changes in the state of water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ncORPosDrjI

Water

About 71% of the earth's surface is covered with water. Water is not found only in rivers, seas and oceans, but it is also found underground.

WATER

Evaporation

The process of change of water into water vapour due to heating is called evaporation.

Factors affecting rate of evaporation:

1. Wind Speed

2. Surface area

3. Temperature

4. humidity

Evaporation

Condensation

Condensation

When water vapour cools down it changes into drops of water. This is called condensation.

Fog: This occurs when thick clouds of tiny drops of water form just above land or water.

Dew: When the water vapour in the air condenses and appear as droplets on the ground and other surface.

Frost: When it is very cold, the dew or surface water freezers into tiny white crystals.

Hail: When raindrops pass through a very cold region of the atmosphere, they freeze and become hail.

Snow: When water vapour is suddenly cooled, it freezes into tiny white snowflakes.

Forms of water in nature

Impurities in water

The water in wells and rivers is impure due to the presence of:

a. Insoluble impurities

b. soluble impurities

c. disease-causing germs

Impurities in water

Purification of water

Purification of water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jptTuIpcrvY

Sedimentation and Decantation

Sedimentation and Decantation

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f2lBicRjfss

Filtration

Filtration

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q0s71cjCNWs

Chlorination

Chlorination

Chemicals like chlorine are used to kill germs at the waterworks of a city. The process of adding chlorine is called chlorination.

Underground water

Groundwater is the water present beneath Earth's surface in soil pore spaces and in the fractures of rock formations.

The level of underground water in an area is called water table.

Underground Water

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rOzDIojofCg

Composition of Air

AIR

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PMenuLJmV0I

Land breeze and sea breeze

Land breeze and sea breeze

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=351y8QRbvIw

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