Chapter 29

Apprendēre

• Prefixes of Compound verbs (pg 18-19)
• Indefinite Adjectives quīdam (pg 14)
• Interrogative Pronouns (pg 15)

Ōrātiō Fātimæ

D

omine Iēsū, dīmitte nōbīs dēbita nostra, salvā nōs ab igne īnfernī, perdūc in cælum omnēs animās, præsertim eās, quæ misericordiæ tuæ maxime indigent.

Amen.

13 October 1917

Proverbium

"Qui nōn est hodiē, crās minus aptus erit."

-- Ovid, "Remedia Amōris" (line 94)

P. Ovidius Nasō

(43 BC - AD 17/18)

Præfīxa

• Latin attaches prepositions to the front of verbs to give them a more specific meaning

• These prepositions are "prefixes" (præ- before, fīxus fastened)

figō, figere, fīxī, fīxus = fasten, fix

præ + figō = fasten before, fasten in front

prefix (NE) < prefixer (Middle French) < præfixum (Late Latin)

Compound Verbs I

Equī rædam trahunt.

Equī rædam extrahunt.

Servī lectum ferēbant.

Servī lectum referēbant.

Common Prefixes

ab-, abs-, a-

ad-

circum-

con-

de-

dis-, di

ex-, e-

in-, im-

away

toward, to

around

with, (or emph.)

down, down from

apart, diff direct.

out, out of

into, in

between

through (or emph.)

in front, ahead

past, beyond

forward

back, again

under, below

across

inter-

per-

præ-

præter-

prō-, prōd-

re-, red-

sub-

trāns-, trā

Exercise 27e ~ pg 257

4. Servī togās et tunicās in cistās repōnunt.

7. Cornēliī Rōmam heri advēnērunt.

Assimulātiō

• Some prefixes undergo a change to make pronunciation easier

• This process is called "assimilation" (ad- to, simulāre to make alike)

simulō, simulāre, simulāvī, simulātus

ad- + simulat- + -iō = adsimulatiō = act of making alike

adsimulatiō >>> assimulatiō

[d] >>> [s]

• stronger consonant overpowers weaker consonant

Compound Verbs II

immittō (in- + mittō)

immīsī (in- + misī)

immissus (in- + missus)

afferō (ad- + ferō)

attulī (ad- + tulī)

allātus (ad- + latus)

immittō, -mittere, -mīsī, -missus

afferō, -ferre, -tulī, -lātus

to carry to, toward

to send in, into, against

Common Changes

[n] >>> [m]

[n] >>> [ l ]

[n] >>> [r ]

[s] >>> [f ]

[x] >>> [f]

[b] >>> [c]

[m] >>> [b]/[p]

[abf] >>> [auf]

commoveō (con- + moveō)

collabōrō (con- + labōrō)

correspondō (con- + resp.)

differō (dis- + ferō)

effugiō (ex- + fugiō)

succurrō (sub- + currō)

combinō (com- + binō)

auferō (ab- + ferō)

move with, together

work with, together

respond together

carry separate

flee from, out of

run under (>help)

double with (bi-)

carry away

Exercise 29g ~ pg 19

1. Geta effugere nōn potest.

2. Caupō Cornēliam et matrem ad cubiculum adduxīt.

Orthographia

• Some verbs undergo spelling change after prefixation.

faciō

teneō

capiō

iaciō

claudō

perfico, -ficere, -fēcī, -fectum

contineō, -tinēre, -tinuī, -tentum

accipiō, -cipere, -cēpī, -ceptus

cōniciō, -icere, -iēcī, -iectus

includō, -cludere, -clusī, -clusus

perfect

content

accept

conject

include

What do these verbs have in common?

Notā Bene

• Some verbs change conjugations after prefixation.

sedeō, sedēre

dō, dāre

cōnsīdō, -sīdere, -sēdī, -cessus

reddō, -dere, reddidī, redditus

Exercise 29h ~ pg 19

1. Servī rædam reficiēbant.

2. Sextus ad terram nunc dēcidit.

3. Subitō Sextus librum arripuit et retinuit.

Quis, Quis, Quid?

• used for questions

Quis arborem ascendit?

Quōs ad cēnam Cornēlius invītāvit?

Quōcum Aurēlia in urbem īre vult?

Declension

Exercise 29e ~ pg 15

1. Aurīgæ, quōrum equī sunt celerrimī, nōn semper vincent.

2. Cui mercātōrī Aurēlia pecūniam dabit?

3. Mercātōrī, quī glīrēs vēndit, Aurēlia pecūniam dabit.

Quīdam, Quædam, Quoddam

• (a) certain ________
• "some" (someone, something)

"... ad mercātōrem quendam ... " (28:10) | "to a certain merchant"

"to some merchant"

Declension

Quī, Quæ, Quod