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Federalism Cake Activity
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Federalism Cake Activity
Federalism Cake Activity
The layered cake resembles Dual Federalism, because it shows how each section of government has its own duties and responsibilities and they don't interact with each other.
The marble cake resembles cooperative federalism, because it shows how the each of the levels of government work together to accomplish a goal, instead of separating what powers they have.
Postive Aspect
Cooperative federalism is when the national, state, and local governments interact cooperatively and collectively to solve common problems, rather than making policies separately but more or less equally.
Positive 1
Example
This is a positive aspect because instead of having separate jobs for each of the levels of government, they cooperate to achieve the goal to a problem.
Example
An example of cooperative federalism would be the federal government and state governments working together to solve the problems brought by the Great Depression. During the time of the depression, many programs from the New Deal involved both the national and State government working together to accomplish the goals of breaking from the economic troubles of the citizens.
Positive Aspect
Dual federalism ensures that we have a separation of powers/division of power among our states and national government. In the Constitution it states, “All legislative Powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives”(Article 1 Section 1), which is the separation of powers. The constitutions states “The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people”, which is the division of powers.
Positive 2
Example
An example established by separation of powers, otherwise known as checks and balances, was creating three branches of government to split the power between. Federalism fulfills the framers’ vision of a governmental structure that ensures liberty. An example of this would be a state government dealing with the effects of a natural disaster that happened in their area, because a national government would usually deem this not important for the United States as a whole.
Positive Aspect
Cooperative federalism is important to our governments because it creates federal-state relations by empowering states to act under federal law, and it allows society to reap the benefit of state innovation instead of having one federal law preempt the field.
Positive 3
Example
One way the federal and state governments work together in the United States is with how taxes are placed and what they shall be placed on.
Example
A example is that both the national government and state governments are given the power to levy the taxes on imported/exported goods.
Negative Aspect
Negative 1
In cooperative federalism, the overlapping of the boundaries among national and state governments makes it tricky to assign blame for failed policies and can cause disagreement. This means that even though both the national and state have no assigned powers, it can cause conflict because they might not think the same for what is best for the people. The national government, even almost has unlimited authority to force the smaller parts of government to administer and enforce national policies.
Example
An example of this would be the decision on what the governments would spend money on, because usually the nation and state governments don’t quickly agree on money type issues. However, a lot of time the national governments opinion will win the argument.
Negative Aspect
In cooperative federalism, however, different States can allow for inequalities between them. This means that since the national government can’t force all the states to follow one same agreements/rules as often, some states can be given an advantage or a disadvantage.
Negative 2
Example
For example, instead of education funding throughout the country being the same, since it is a state issue, some states will spend more causing what could be considered a disparity. The same goes for other things, as well, such as taxes, health care programs, and welfare programs
Negative 3
In federalism states will compete with each other in an oppositional way, in attempt to get the “most” they can get. This means that states will view each other as competition instead of as a union in order to gain the most money or other advantages.
Negative 3
Example
They can reduce the amount of benefits they give to welfare recipients compared to a neighboring state, motivating the undesirables to go to the neighboring state, thereby reducing their welfare costs even more.
Example
Several states have done this before to decrease the amount of money they spend on the programs, this may include cutting cost on medicare and other needs of people on the program.