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South American Tropical Rainforest
1
Biodiversity Hotspot
Location on Map
Human Impact:
The tropical rain forest of the Amazon Basin starts in the Andes chain in Bolivia, Peru, Ecuador, Colombia and Venezuela at more than 3 000 m elevation. It borders the immense Amazonian plain, mostly inside Brazil,
Fires; selective logging; habitat fragmentation; and drought, which is worsened by climate change, are all chipping away at one of the world's most iconic ecosystems.
5 Abiotic Factors
1. temperature of 70 to 85°F (21 to 30°C)
2. humidity of between 77 percent and 88 percent.
3.Oxisols and Ultisols, which are soils rich in iron and aluminum oxides
4. light winds, with average speeds of 6.2 miles per hour (10 kilometers) or less
5. tropical rainforests receive 12 hours of sunlight daily, less than 2% of that sunlight ever reaches the ground.
Biotic Factors
Adaptations of the Lianas, or "Drip Tips"
1. Jaguar
2. Sloth
3. Macaw
4. Capybara
5. Poison Dart Frog
6. Liana (woody vine)
7. Green Anaconda
8. Howler Monkey
Many plants, such as Lianas, have developed drip tip leaves to quickly funnel water off themselves to prevent rotting and fungus growth. These are thin, woody vines that plant their roots in the ground and then use trees as support to climb higher to reach the sunlight.