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Switzerland
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Switzerland
Flag
The flag of Switzerland displays a white cross in the centre of a square red field. The white cross is known as the Swiss cross. The white cross on the red base represents the belief in Christianity.
A Brief History of Switzerland:
Brief History
- Switzerland was originally inhabited by Celtic tribes. In the 1st century BC, Rome conquered the land and Switzerland was a Roman province for 500 years.
- The area flourished under Roman rule with roads being built between major cities allowing for trade and commerce to grow.
- In 800, the Frankish Empire under Charlemagne took control of Switzerland. For many years the country would be part of the Holy Roman Empire. In 1291, the families of Unterwalden, Schwyz, and Uri signed a charter making Switzerland an independent country. Formal independence wasn't gained from the Holy Roman Empire until 1499.
History Continued...
History Cont...
- Switzerland aimed to become a neutral country and to not be involved in any wars. However, Napoleon still invaded the country in 1797.
- However, after Napoleon was defeated, the Congress of Vienna in 1815 gave Switzerland the status of permanent armed neutrality. Switzerland was able to maintain their neutrality through both World Wars and the Cold War despite being centrally located.
Quick Facts:
- Switzerland is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
- The country shares a land border with Germany, Austria, Liechtenstein, Italy and France.
- The capital city of Switzerland is Bern. However, the largest city of Switzerland is Zürich with a population of 1.3 million inhabitants.
- The Swiss Aletsch Glacier is the longest glacier in Europe. The glacier is about 23 km/ 14 miles but is shrinking every year.
- The Rhein Falls, found in Switzerland are the most powerful waterfalls in Europe.
- The Swiss franc is the currency used in Switzerland.
The Alps
- Though they are not as high and extensive as other mountain systems such as the Himalayas and the Andes and Rocky mountains—they are responsible for major geographic phenomena.
- The Alpine crests isolate one European region from another and are the source of many of Europe’s major rivers, such as the Rhône, Rhine, Po.
- People have lived amid the Alp's soaring peaks since prehistoric times, and the range is also home to some 13,000 types of plants, myriad minerals and crystals, and about 30,000 wildlife species that range from marmots to brown bears to snow fleas.
The Glacier Express
- The Glacier Express is the most famous railway in the world. On its 7½-hour daily journey from St Moritz to Zermatt it travels through glamorous resorts, charming valleys, 91 tunnels, and across 291 bridges. But within the untouched mountain landscapes, and the stunning natural beauty of the Swiss Alps.
Animals of Switzerland
- Switzerland, like so many other places across Europe, devastated its wildlife during the last couple of centuries. Today, however, many populations have rebounded and continue to do so, allowing predators and prey alike to return to the Alps.
- The Mountain Hare, Bearded Vulture, Red Deer, Chamois, Alpine Marmot, and Ibex are all animals found in the Alps.
People of Switzerland
- So, what are Swiss people like, and what are some of their characteristics.
- If there is something that the Swiss take quite seriously is punctuality. For Swiss people, a punctual person is considerate, and with their punctuality, they show respect for the other person. Apart from Switzerland’s people, its trains are the epitome of punctuality; they’re always on time.
Switzerland is Famous For:
- Lindt Chocolate - Whether you eat Lindt chocolate in your country, or just know Switzerland’s fame for chocolate production, there is no going past it. Switzerland is one of the most famous producers of chocolate in the world.
- Cheese - Switzerland is known as the "Cheese capital of the world" Swiss cheese first appears in the written record during Roman times, when Pliny the Elder talked of Caseus Helveticus, or ‘the cheese of the Helvetians’.
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