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Transcript

The menstrual cycle

main organs of the menstrual cycle:

Fallopian tubes

Ovaries

Uterus

Cervix

Vagina

organs

function of the organs

fallopian tube- the one that transports the ova from the ovaries to the uterus each month.

Ovaries- they produce oocytes(eggs) for fertilization and produce the reproductive hormones, estrogen and progesterone.

uterus- the one who nurtures the fertilized ovum that develops into the fetus and holding it till the baby is mature.

cervix- the function of the cervix is ti allow flow of menstrual blood from the uterus into the vagina

vagina- receives the penis during intercourse and also serves as a canal for menstrual fluid and the exit of the baby

function

menstrual

cycle

process(overview)

process

  • Menstruation: The period—the shedding of the uterine lining. Levels of estrogen and progesterone are low.
  • The follicular phase: The time between the first day of the period and ovulation. Estrogen rises as an egg prepares to be released.
  • The proliferative phase: After the period, the uterine lining builds back up again.
  • Ovulation: The release of the egg from the ovary, mid-cycle. Estrogen peaks just beforehand, and then drops shortly afterwards.
  • The luteal phase: The time between ovulation and before the start of menstruation, when the body prepares for a possible pregnancy. Progesterone is produced, peaks, and then drops.
  • The secretory phase: The uterine lining produces chemicals that will either help support an early pregnancy or will prepare the lining to break down and shed if pregnancy doesn’t occur.

definition

definition

Luteinizing Hormone (lh)-LH stimulates estrogen and progesterone production from the ovary.

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)- is produced by the pituitary gland during the first half of the menstrual cycle. It stimulates development of the maturing ovarian follicle and controls ovum production in the female

estrogen- estrogens is development of female secondary sexual characteristics. These includes breasts, endometrium, regulation of the menstrual cycle etc.

Progesterone- hormone secreted by the female reproductive system that functions mainly to regulate the condition of the inner lining (endometrium) of the uterus. Progesterone is produced by the ovaries, placenta, and adrenal glands.

feedback mechanism in menstrual cycle

normal

feedback

mechanism

1. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the ovaries to release estrogen. high levels of estrogen then prevent the further production of FSH.

2. Estrogen also stimulates the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland, which in turn controls the production of progesterone. High levels of progesterone then inhibit the further release of LH.

what if the body produced more FSH or lh?

negative

feedback

  • An increase in FSH may also indicate a reduction in the production of good quality eggs and embryos for fertilization. A common reason for this is your age. As you age, your fertility starts to decline and fewer eggs mature in your ovaries. The quality of the eggs that remain is lower than during earlier years
  • an abnormally high levels of LH during nonovulatory times in your menstrual cycle may mean you are in menopause. It may also mean that you have a pituitary disorder or polycystic ovary syndrome.

thank

you for

listening

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