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Early German Cinema

1895-1918

Early German Cinema

1895-1918

  • Germany was a constutional monarchy
  • Germany was working hard at becoming a world-power, playing catch up

Phases of German Cinema

Phases of German Cinema

  • 1895-1906 – emergence and experimentation
  • 1906-1910 – expansion and consolidation
  • 1910-1918 – process of standardisation, emergence of longer feature films.

Cinema - international collaboration

  • France was technological leader
  • Silent films meant end-products marketable across linguistic boundaries
  • Unregulated industry
  • Collaboration with Denmark which continued after the outbreak of WWI
  • Centre of film making Berlin

Cinema as a medium

  • Ottomar Anschütz - Elektrischer Schnellseher
  • Oskar Messter - silent films, and "phonoscenes", newsreels

Cinema as a medium

Ottomar Anschütz - Elektrischer Schnellseher

Oskar Messter - "Phonoscene" of tenor Girardi

Consolidation of medium

Dominant forms

  • long feature film (fictional)
  • news reel (Messterwoche)

Consolidation of medium

Der Student von Prag (1913)

Clip 1

Der Student von Prag (1913)

Clip 1

Messterwoche news reels

The Beginnings of National Cinema

  • Development of long film as dominant form (Autorenfilme)
  • WWI
  • Regulation of the industry (trade laws)

Early German Directors

Early German Directors

Ernst Lubitsch

Max Mack

Joe May

Franz Hofer

Max Mack - Wo ist Coletti? (1913)

Stars

Stars

Albert Basserman

Paul Wegener

Asta Nielsen

Henny Porten

Opposition to Cinema

  • Signalled end of traditional high art forms
  • Mass culture - mass individual
  • Avant-garde concerns about commodification of art
  • Legal concerns

WWI and Ufa

  • Film as propaganda
  • Formation of Ufa out of German government film department and several private concerns
  • Linked film industry to right wing politics
  • Created monopoly

Credits

Image attribution

Picture of Bassermann

http://www.gettyimages.in/photos/bassermann?excludenudity=true&sort=mostpopular&mediatype=photography&phrase=bassermann

Accessed 15 June, 2017

Paul Wegener

http://creatfeatforever.blogspot.com.au/2013/08/in-silent-way-paul-wegener.html

Accessed 15 June, 2017

Henny Porten

http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0691995/?ref_=tt_cl_t3

Accessed 15 June, 2017

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