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Harlow's Pit of Despair (1960's)
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Harlow's Pit of Despair (1960's)
Background
Background
Harry Harlow spent much if his career studying maternal bonding at the University of Wisconsin-Madison in the 1970s. In 1971 his wife died of cancer and he fell into deep depression. His colleagues noticed his demeanor change and he shifted his research to depression and isolation.
First Experiment
Experiments
Harlow's first experiments involved isolating rhesus monkeys in a cage with steel walls surrounding and 1 small one-way mirror. The only connection the monkey had with the outside world was men the psychologist changed its bedding. After being isolated for a year they were barley able to move, didn't explore or play and were unable to have sexy time. When placed with other monkeys they didn't play with each other and were bullied and even starved to death.
What is a V.C.A.?
V.C.A
VCA stands for Vertical Chamber Apparatus (Pit Of Despair) which held 3 month old monkeys that had already bonded with each other. The point was to break the bonds in order to create symptoms of depression. The monkeys spent the first day or 2 trying to climb the slippery slope but then later on gave up. In his studies he discovered that, he could find no monkey who had any defense against it. Even the happiest monkeys came out damaged."
Parenting
Parenting/Reproduction
He wanted to test on how isolation would effect parenting skills, but isolates where unable to mate.
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"Rape Rack"
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So how do they reproduce?
Artificial insemination hasn't been invented yet so they came up with something called the rape rack which female isolate monkeys were tied to normal mating posture. He also discovered that they were incapable of having sexual relations and would neglect/abuse their offspring.