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"The Work of Art in the Age of its Technological Reproducibility"
- Went to Goethe University in Frankfurt, Germany
- School was critical of capitalism
- Also on Marxist Leninism
- Overall Marxist
- Examine the failure of Marxist revolutionary social change
- Examine mass culture (including film)
- Nowadays we would call it : copy and paste
- Manufacture of objects/items for cosumption within a capitalist system
- Even the ancient Greeks had technologies to reproduce art (founding and stamping)
only difference to nowadays is speed
“In principle a work of art has always been reproducible“.
- Walter Benjamin
- When works are created for ritual, they function as a type of magic and can only be recognized as art over time
- They are considered works of art from the start when works are created to be exhibited
- According to Walter Benjamin, a film is perceived in a state of distraction – and a collective one at that.
- The here and now of the work of art
- Its unique existence in a particular place and time
- Bears the mark of the history to which the work has been subject
- In many ways, aura is an antiquated idea, connected to a distant history of religious icons and mysticism.
"What withers in the age of technological reproducibility (i.e. Photography) is... the aura"
- Walter Benjamin
- The aura is what the "original" Mona Lisa has that its photographed reproduction -no matter how precise in its replication- does not have
- Since he is a Marxist, he is against the aura
- The uniqueness makes works of art with aura to an element of capitalism
- I would go so far to say that he dislikes Aura
Aura
- original painting is more authentic than its reproductions that are mechanically reproduced by photography or film
- Photographic arts (especially film) = no originals, no aura (in theory)
According to Walter Benjamin
- paintings and sculptures -> people with a lot of money
- film is for everyone, not just for people who can afford it (Marxist)
- actor has to operate with the whole body, yet forgoing his aura
- The viewer does not identify with the actor's work but with the point of view of the camera