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James Weldon Johnson
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James Weldon Johnson
WHO WAS HE ?
James W. Johnson
- an African-American writer and poet
- first African-American professor at the New York University
- civil rights activist
- one of the leaders of the NAACP
- activist for the Harlem Renaissance
MAJOR ACHIEVEMENTS
major achievements
- distinguished lawyer and diplomat
- became the first Black man admitted to the Florida Bar (1898)
- wrote the lyrics with his brother for "Lift Every Voice and Sing" (1900)
- joined the civil rights movement (1916)
- campaigned for a federal anti-lynching bill
- spoke at the 1919 National Conference on Lynching
- became executive secretary at NAACP (1920)
- fought against segregation and voter disenfranchisement
Johnson believed Black Americans should produce great literature and art in order to demonstrate their equality to whites in terms of intellect and creativity
NAACP
National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Niagara Movement : civil rights organization founded in 1905, led by W.E.B. DUBOIS
NAACP
- was founded in 1909, echoing the Niagara Movement
- fights for civil rights and social justice
- aims to guarantee for all people an end to slavery, an equal protection of the law, and the right to vote
OTHER CLOSE ACTIVISTS
other close activists
James Weldon Johnson was one of the leading figures in the creation and development of the Harlem Renaissance
W.E.B. DUBOIS
W.E.B. DUBOIS
- first African-American to have a doctorate at Harvard
- leader of the Niagara Movement, activist for civil rights
- one of the founder of the NAACP, Director in Publicity and Research
- wrote a lot of big articles in the magazine of the NAACP "The Crisis"
COVER OF THE FIRST ISSUE (1910)
WALTER WHITE
WALTER WHITE
- invited to join the NAACP by James W. Johnson
- took part in the Harlem Renaissance
HARLEM RENAISSANCE
Harlem Renaissance
- African-American cultural movement
- between the 2 wars (20s / 30s)
- major turning point in Black American literature, and culture overall
WORKS
POETRY PROSE
works
Complete Poems (Penguin Books, 2000)
The Selected Writings of James Weldon Johnson (Oxford University Press, 1995)
Saint Peter Relates an Incident of the Resurrection Day (Viking Press, 1930)
God’s Trombones: Seven Negro Sermons in Verse (Viking Press, 1927)
Fifty Years and Other Poems (The Cornhill Company, 1917)
Negro Americans, What Now? (Viking Press, 1934)
Along This Way: The Autobiography of James Weldon Johnson (Viking Press, 1933)
Black Manhattan (Alfred A. Knopf, 1930)
The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man (Sherman, French & Co., 1912)