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ENG 232
Editing
Is editing something we notice in a film? Can you think of a well-edited sequence?
Editing
"Editing, the basic creative force of filmmaking, is process of selecting, arranging, and assembling the essential components of a movie--visual, sound, and special effects--to tell a story in a unique way." (340)
"In theory, the bulk of the film editor's work occurs after the director and collaborators have shot all of the movie's footage. In fact, in many major film productions, the editor's responsibilities as a collaborator begin much earlier in the process." (342)
The Editor
"The basic building block of film editing is the shot and its most fundamental tool is the cut. Each shot has two explicit values: the value is determined by what is within the shot itself; the second value is determined by how the shot is situated in relation to other shots. The first value is largely the responsibility of the director, cinematographer, production designer, and other collaborators who determine what is captured on film. The second value is the product of editing." (340)
The film editor is responsible for managing shots and their relationships and using editing choices in service of the story.
Image A
Image B
How Film Images Communicate
Our reaction to a shot is influenced by the shots that surround it.
rhythm
continuity
transition
Rhythm
Fast Versus Slow
Duration of shots creates a tempo that has an effect on the viewer.
Rhythm
Continuity versus Discontinuity
continuity
- what happens on the screen makes as much narrative sense as possible
- screen direction is consistent from shot to shot
- graphic, spatial, and temporal relations are maintained from shot to shot
Continuity/Discontinuity
discontinuity
"Instead of invisibly propelling the film forward, unlike continuity editing, it calls attention to itself as an element of cinematic form." (358)
Transitions
how image A becomes image B
dissolves - shot b gradually superimposes over shot A
Transition
Cuts
create a relationship between image A and image B
Cuts
When we think about editing, we consider the images and how their sequencing conveys meaning through:
- rhythm,
- continuity (discontinuity),
- transition
Analyzing Editing
The Witch (2015)
The VVitch: A New England Folktale
The Witch
Robert Eggers
Louise Ford
What makes a movie scary?
A New England Folktale
Historical Verisimilitude
"[I take a] Puritan's nightmare as I would envision it and upload it into the audience's mind's eye."
Devil in the Details: The Uncanny History of the The Witch (2015)
Aviva Briefel
Witch Hunts
"Thomasin’s transformation—subtle at first, extreme in the end—closely follows the stages of possession that could supposedly befall young Puritan women. According to John Demos in his landmark study on witchcraft, Entertaining Satan." The warning sign of possessions during the Puritan era were:
- a woman becoming “anxiously preoccupied with her spiritual condition”
- encounter encountering “maleficium” -- bad omens such as failing crops or unusual animal behavior
- erratic behavior
- “intermissions” of melancholy, in which the victim appears pensive and contrite
- fits of “sheer motoric frenzy”
What makes a film scary?
When the uncanny invades the familiar.
Horror and Realism
Does The Witch take something that feels real and inject something that feels impossible?