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common cold drugs

Mini review article about common cold drugs

Title

Names:

Nourhan osama 144202

Fatma 135283

Mohamed Ragab 126956

Ahmed Kharrat 129705

Mohamed Elmotaz 129288

Mohamed Elokaby 118828

Baher Osama 119735

Names

Department: Analytical chemistry

Supervised by: Dr Ekram Hany

Introduction about common cold

  • Is a viral infection of your nose and throat (upper respiratory tract). it's usually harmless,
  • Many types of viruses can cause a common cold. Symptoms usually appear from one to three days after exposure to a cold
  • Signs and symptoms like cough, congestion, sore throat, sneezing and runny nose.

Introduction

Symptoms

  • Common cold is a viral infection that are not treated but symptoms can be relieved by
  • NSAID:-

eg: (Ipubrofen,Naproxen)

  • Antihistamins:-

eg:Levocetirizine,Desloratadine)

  • Decongestant:-

eg: (Xylometazoline,Budesonide)

treatment

Analgesics

  • Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID)
  • Works by reversibly inhibiting both COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes as a non-selective coxib.
  • This results in the inhibition of prostaglandin Synthesis. which act as signaling Molecules in the body, inducing inflammation

Analgesics

Ipubrofen physical properties

Ipubrofen

IUPAC name: 4(2methylpropyl)phenyl)propanoic acid

Molecular formula: C13H18O2

Molecular weight: 206.28 g\mol

Melting point: 75-77 ⁰C

Appearance: Colorless crystals

Solubility: insoluble in water, but soluble in ethanol

methods of analysis

Spectrophotometric method

method of analysis

Spectrophotometric

method cont.

Spectrophotometric

Chromatographic method of analysis

Chromatographic

Anti-Histamines

Anti-Histamines

  • Block action of histamine at H1 receptor site
  • Compete with histamine for binding at unoccupied Receptor
  • can not push histamine off the receptor if it's Already bound
  • Antihistamines are divided into two classes (antihistamines And H2 antihistamines),.
  • H1 antihistamines are mostly used to treat allergic reactions And mast cell-mediated disorders.
  • This subtype is further divided into two generations. While The first-generation H1 antihistamines have a central effect
  • Second-generation H1 antihistamines have less central Effects and are used primarily as antiallergenic drugs.
  • H2 antihistamines are indicated primarily for gastric reflux Disease

Naproxen physical properties

Naproxen

IUPAC name: (+)-(S)-2-(6-methoxynaphthalen-2-yl) propanoic acid

Molecular Formula: C14H14O3

Molecular Weight: 230.26 g/mole

Melting point: 152°C (305.6°F)

Physical state: Powdered solid and crystalline powder

Solubility: Insoluble in cold water,but Soluble in Methanol

Spectrophotometric method of analysis

Method of analysis

Chromatographic method of analysis

Method of analysis cont.

Levocetirizine physical properties

Levocetirizine

  • IUPAC name : 2-(2-{4-[(R)-(4-chlorophenyl)(phenyl)methyl]piperazin-1-yl}ethoxy)acetic acid dihydrochloride
  • Molecular formula:C21H25ClN2O3
  • Molecular weight: 388.9 g/mol
  • Melting point: 215-220°C
  • Solubility: H2O: ≥23mg/mL

Spectrophotometric Method of analysis

Method of analysis

Chromatographic method of analysis

method of analysis cont.

Desloratadine physical properties

Desloratadize

  • IUPAC name: 13-chloro-2-piperidin-4-ylidene-4-azatricyclo[9.4.0.03,8]pentadeca-1(11),3(8),4,6,12,14-hexaene
  • Molecular Formula: C19H19ClN2
  • Molecular Weight: 310.8 g/mol
  • Melting point: 150-151°C
  • Boiling point: 467.9±45.0 °C
  • storage temp. : 2-8°C
  • solubility : soluble in ethanol and water

Method of analysis

Spectrophotometric method of analysis

Method of analysis

Chromatographic method of analysis

method of analysis cont.

Decongestants

  • Is a direct acting sympathomimetic drug, which Acts on alpha-adrenergic receptors in the arterioles Of the nasal mucosa.
  • This activates the adrenal system to yield systemic Vasoconstrction.the result is a decrease in blood Flow in the nasal passages and consequently Decreased nasal congestion.

Decongetant

Budesonide physical properties

Budesonide

  • IUPAC Name
  • (1S,2S,4R,6R,8S,9S,11S,12S,13R)-11-hydroxy-8-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-9,13-dimethyl-6-propyl-5,7-dioxapentacyclo[10.8.0.02,9.04,8.013,18]icosa-14,17-dien-16-one
  • Molecular Formula: C25H34O6
  • Molecular Weight : 430.5 g/mol
  • Color/Form: crystals
  • Melting Point : 221-232 °C
  • Solubility : soluble in chloroform and ethanol, alcohol

Spectrophotometric method of analysis

Method of analysis

Chromatographic method of analysis

Method of analysis

Physical properties of Xylometazoline

Xylometazoline

  • IUPAC name:2-[[4-(l,l-Dimethylethyl)-2,6-Methylphenyl]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1H-Imidazolehydrochloride
  • Molecular Formula: C16H25CIN2
  • Molecular Weight: 280.84 g/mol
  • Color is crystalline.
  • Odor is odorless substance.
  • Melting point:131-133°C.
  • Solubility: soluble in methanol
  • Ethanol and 3% water

Spectrophotometric method of analysis

Method of analysis

Chromatographic Method of analysis

Methods of analysis cont.

Future Work

Dual wave length method

Future Work

Refrences

rRef cont.

  • - Naproxen". Drugs.com. 2017. Retrieved 7 February 2017
  • - Garza I, Schwedt TJ. "Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Daily Headache". medscape.com. WebMD LLC. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  • - L490 (Naproxen 220 mg)". drugs.com. Drugs.com. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
  • - Perneger TV, Whelton PK, Klag MJ (1994-12-22). "Risk of Kidney Failure Associated with the Use of Acetaminophen, Aspirin, and Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs". New England Journal of Medicine. 331 (25): 1675–1679- Allen, RE; Kirby, KA (2012). "Nocturnal leg cramps". Am Fam Physician. 86 (4): 350–355.
  • 16 -"LACTMED: NAPROXEN". TOXNET. NIH. Retrieved 21 July 2017.
  • Turner MS, May DB, Arthur RR, Xiong GL (March 2007). "Clinical impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors therapy with bleeding risks". Journal of Internal Medicine.

Refrences

  • 1-Zayed, M. A., & EL-Gizouli, A. M. M. (2019). Spectroscopic Studies of Naproxen and Indomethacin Reactions with Copper (II) Reagent and their Micro Determination through Ion - Pair Formation and their Biological Activities. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Applied Chemistry, 5(1), 11–21. https://doi.org/10.18576/jpac/050102
  • 2 Prashanth, K. N., Basavaiah, K., & Xavier, C. M. (2014). Development and validation of UV-spectrophotometric methods for the determination of sumatriptan succinate in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form and its degradation behavior under varied stress conditions. Journal of the Association of Arab Universities for Basic and Applied Sciences, 15(1), 43–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaubas.2013.03.004
  • 3 - NINA ALIZADEH. (2015). Simple, Sensitive and Selective Spectrophotometric Assay of Naproxen, 72(5), 867–875. Retrieved from http://ptf.content-manager.pl/pub/File/Acta_Poloniae/2015/5/867.pdf
  • 4- AJain, N. (2011). Spectrophotometric Determination of Naproxen and Esomeprazole in a Laboratory Mixture By Simultaneous Equation, Absorption Correction, Absorption Ratio and Area Under Curve Methods. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPSR, 2(5), 130–134.
  • 5- Wamorkar, V., Santhosh, P., & Manjunth, S. Y. (2011). Validated spectroscopic method for estimation of naproxen from tablet formulation. Journal of Pharmacy Research, 4(8), 2633–2635.
  • 6- Trinath, M., Banerjee, S. K., D, H. H. T., & Bonde, C. G. (2010). Development and validation of spectrophotometric method for simultaneous estimation of Sumatriptan and Naproxen sodium in tablet dosage form. Der Pharmacia Sinica, 1(1), 36–41.
  • 7- AJain, N. (2011). Spectrophotometric Determination of Naproxen and Esomeprazole in a Laboratory Mixture By Simultaneous Equation, Absorption Correction, Absorption Ratio and Area Under Curve Methods. International Journal of Pharma Sciences and Research (IJPSR, 2(5), 130–134.

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