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By: Aanya K.

Golden Lion Tamarins

Scienctific Name: Leontopithecus

Habitat

Habitat

Southeast Brazil's densely populated Atlantic coastal districts are home to golden lion tamarins. They inhabit wet woodlands that are covered with numerous vines, bromeliads, and other epiphytes. They stay in the enclosed canopy and are frequently between 29 and 100 feet (10 and 30 metres) above the ground.

Role in their Ecosystem

Ecosystem

Golden lion tamarins play an important role in seed dispersal in Brazil’s Mata Atlantica. When searching for fruits, golden lion tamarins use secondary forest, forest margins, and forest interior. The movement of seeds between different habitat types is brought on by this behaviour. In this manner, the golden lion tamarins and other seed-dispersing frugivores aid in the regrowth of the Atlantic Forest.

Food Sources and Diet

Food Sources

The omnivorous golden lion tamarin eats a variety of foods, including fruits, insects, and tiny invertebrates. Any smaller animal could be eaten. They hunt for their prey by probing into cracks in the bark, bromeliads, and other hiding spots with their long, slender fingers and hands.

Predators

Predators

  • Wild cats
  • Hawks and Eagles
  • Owls
  • Snakes
  • Poachers

Physical Description

  • Golden lion tamarins are small primates, their head and body measuring 8.9-11 inches long (22.5-28 cm), and tail measuring 10.4-15.8 inches (26.5-40 cm)

  • They weigh between 17-24 oz, 482- 680 grams (males 21.9 oz and females 21.1 oz on average)

  • Golden lion tamarins have long reddish golden fur with a mane that covers their ears and frames the dark almost bare face.

Adaption 1

Selective Survival Advantage

Adaption #1

In order to cling to trees, seek for food among branches, bark, and bromeliads, and catch prey, these little tamarins have lengthy fingers and claw-like nails. This is a survial advantage that the gloden lion tamarins have adapted to over the years. This trait is favoured over short fingers and dull nails in the environment. For example climbing onto trees for food was a major survival issue that the tamarins struggled with. So, Natural selection for survival occurs and the long fingered, claw-like nails so the primate could clib up trees better are favoured and selected for the population.

Adaption #2

Adaption 2

- Golden Lion Tamarins have powerful legs, making them excellent climbers, helping them reach their hollows high up in the trees quickly.

This is a natural selection as more powerful legs are favoured and selected for the population in order to survive.

Powerful legs can be used in many wasy like catching prey faster and gettting around from tree to tree quicker. As this is a major advantage for Golden lion Tamarins these traits became more common in the population over the generations.

Adaption #3

Adaption 3

- This species is territorial and defend their area with scent markings or vocalized threats. They also have territorial calls and communicate with others with high pitched trills, whines and clucks that make up their “language”.

Again this is part of natural selection for survival as the tamarins developed their language to alert and communicate within their social circle/group. With threats all around alerting their troop is important for surviving.

Adaption #4

Adaption 4

Their long tails aids in balance as they propel themselves from one branch to the other in the forest canopy.

This phenotype that now is common in the population of Golden lion tamarins is another survival advantage that they developed over generations. The long tails help with balance as these tamarins stay in tree holes for warmth and protection and occupy the closed canopy often remaining 29-100 feet off the ground. This trait also helps them get away from predators better as they won't loose their balance getting chased.

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