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Chronic traumatic Encephalopathy

By: Heather Gay, Devon Couillard, Taylore Hardisty, Aidan Malekoloalami, Anne McCracken

Group 3

Prevalence

What IS CTE?

Affected

-Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy

-Neurodegenerative disease which is caused by multiple traumatic impacts to the brain

-Originally discovered in a group of boxers in the 1920s by Dr. Harrison Martland, who described it as “punch drunk syndrome”

Trends

Prevalence

-Unknown in the general population

-Generally only acquired by those who encounter repeated blows to the head over time

-No correlation between CTE and race

High Risk Population

Most affected:

American Football Players

-Endure repeated head trauma

-Have the highest number of autopsy confirmed cases

Trends of Diagnosed Individuals

-Soldiers or athletes

-Males

-Most common age affected is 60-70

-People 17-98 have been diagnosed

-Individuals with untreated brain trauma from childhood

-Children from low socioeconomic status households

Symptoms

Increases risk of:

Behavioral:

-Behavior Change

-Irritability

-Apathy

-Depression

-Suicidal thoughts/actions

-Parkinson's

-Dementia

-White matter rarefraction

-Cerebrovascular Pathology

-Respiratory Failure

-Death

Cognitive:

-Short term memory loss

-Difficulty with tasks

-Mixed speech

Diagnosis

-Currently diagnosed post mortem

How?

-MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging)

-SWI (Susceptibility Weighted Imaging)

-DTI (Diffusion Tensor Imaging)

Treatment

-No treatment can reverse brain damage

-Can treat symptoms that result from CTE

-Pain management

-Acupuncture

-Massage Therapy

-Memory Exercises

-Behavioral Therapy

Treatment

Prevention

1. Primary

Educate!!

-Children, Parents, Athletes, Coaches

2. Secondary

-Screen athletes in high risk sports

3. Tertiary

-Manage symptoms of CTE

-Provide support

Prevention

Brady's Story

A story about Brady...

Brady grew up in a house with his mom, dad, and two older brothers.

They weren't well off by any means but they could get by.

Brady and his brothers loved to play football and rough house all day long.

Background

Growing Up

When he got to be old enough, Brady decided that he wanted to play flag football.

Little did he know this sport would be his first love and would take him places he never dreamed, including playing college football.

He also didn't know what the head injuries he got early on and didn't get treated would do to him later...

Growing

Up

Building a life!

Family

While playing football at JMU, Brady met the love of his life Lilly.

At the end of his college career, Brady received an offer from the Redskins to play in the NFL.

After this good news, Brady proposed to Lilly and they got married!

Brady and Lilly had 3 kids when he was playing in the NFL.

One game, Brady got a huge head injury, worse than any one he had before and decided to retire for the sake of his kids.

Growing Old

Growing

Old

Brady and Lilly were married for 30 years and she knew everything about him.

One day, around his 65th birthday, she began to see a change in him.

Brady was always irritated and was having short term memory loss.

Lilly knew that these things could happen with age but he was still so young! Something just wasn't right.

Tragedy

Sadly, 2 years after Lilly began noticing something was wrong and many, many frustrating doctors appointments later, Brady took his life at the age of 67.

Because it was a suicide, Brady automatically got an autopsy and to Lilly's surprise many scientists were interested in his brain because of his football career.

After a few weeks, the results were in. Brady was officially diagnosed with CTE.

In his brain they found diffuse amyloid plaques, sparse neurofibrillary tangles, and tau-positive neurotic threads in his brain, all definitive signs of CTE

Present Day

Now

Now Lilly is an advocate for CTE.

She travels around the country and raises money for its research, educates parents who have children in contact sports, and advocates for safer equipment.

Lilly hopes that her efforts will have positive effects on families for decades to come and less families will feel the pain of losing a loved one to a preventable condition.

Citations

Photos

Image 1:

https://www.verywellhealth.com/thmb/ry4H6UcTfVKg5KdKqEfV6zN1zvg=/1500x1000/filters:no_upscale():max_bytes(150000):strip_icc()/chronic-traumatic-encephalopathy-2488875-FINAL-65ffa5a1fd3f4ba5b04a2874c72fa19f.png

Image 2: https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-sq9zkarfah/images/stencil/1280x1280/products/112366/200515/Boy-Stick-Figure-12-Sticker__08735.1511162144.jpg?c=2&imbypass=on

Image 3:https://www.scrappinstuff.com/store/images/RBS/rbs-Stick-Figure-Football.jpg

Symptoms and Risks of CTE Image: https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=Vr8UTcbX&id=DB1E4300EEFA568164B3A24D16B98954689E04BB&thid=OIP.Vr8UTcbXgwv5dJaZvpXiHwHaET&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fupload.wikimedia.org%2fwikipedia%2fcommons%2f0%2f0c%2fChronic_Traumatic_Encephalopathy.png&exph=455&expw=784&q=chronic+traumatic+encephalopathy+cte&simid=608040744602373416&selectedIndex=4&ajaxhist=0

Population Susceptible Image: https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=LvkYJUfp&id=FA344A9FA407FC1FCBFDD9DF4BCDB6ABBF74A9E3&thid=OIP.LvkYJUfpMuQBz4RgizCM9gHaE8&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fwww.healthdigezt.com%2fwp-content%2fuploads%2fChronic-Traumatic-Encephalopathy.jpg&exph=400&expw=600&q=chronic+traumatic+encephalopathy+cte&simid=608038227764447478&selectedIndex=6&ajaxhist=0

Diagnosis/Treatment Image: https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=To%2bnCH98&id=CD601B0F1D5D3B256AD2748A53E11BB9BFC1929F&thid=OIP.To-nCH9816U3UbhaFUZfdwHaFj&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fwww.sott.net%2fimage%2fs13%2f271656%2ffull%2fMRI_scan_room.jpg&exph=767&expw=1023&q=mri&simid=608047315883132011&selectedIndex=1&ajaxhist=0

Prevention Image: https://www.bing.com/images/search?view=detailV2&ccid=df9tAnK1&id=28A17AB4C05AC3B78A207F9FD7209A30D4953B7A&thid=OIP.df9tAnK1MJ1q1On0TEcpNwHaHa&mediaurl=https%3a%2f%2fimages.homedepot-static.com%2fproductImages%2fa4e315b5-e2b7-4fd9-94a0-c7d51408285d%2fsvn%2fbrady-stock-signs-94143-64_1000.jpg&exph=1000&expw=1000&q=stop+sign&simid=607989110499970070&selectedIndex=3&ajaxhist=0

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