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Forelimb Muscles
2
Muscles of the Forelimb
M. Trapezius
M. Trapezius
- Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and ligaments of the dorsal midline
- Insertion: Scapular spine
Function: Lifts, advances, retracts scapula
M. Trapezius
M. Rhomboideus
M. Rhomboideus
- Origin: Ligamentum nuchae and ligaments of the dorsal midline
- Insertion: Medial side of scapular cartilage
Function: Lift and advances the scapula (lifts the neck)
M. Rhomboideus
Scapular Spine
M. Supraspinatus
- Origin: Supraspinous fossa of scapula
- Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Function: Extends shoulder
(Cranial of Scapular Spine)
M. Supraspinatus
M. Supraspinatus
Scapular Spine
M. Infraspinatus
- Origin: Infraspinous fossa of scapula
- Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Function: Flexes the shoulder
(Caudal to Scapular Spine)
M. Infraspinatus
M. Latissimus Dorsi
M. Latissimus Dorsi
- Origin: Spinous processes of thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
- Insertion: Medial humerus
Function: Moves the scapula and humerus and flexes shoulder joint
M. Serratus Ventralis
M. Serratus Ventralis
- Origin: Transverse processes of caudal cervical and cranial thoracic vertebrae, first 8-9 ribs
- Insertion: Medial scapula and scapular cartilage
Function: Supports trunk, lifts neck, advances and retracts scapula
M. Serratus Ventralis
M. Biceps Brachii
M. Biceps Brachii
- Origin: Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- Insertion: Cranial aspect of proximal radius and ulna
Function: Contraction pulls radius and ulna forward
M. Biceps Brachii
M. Triceps Brachii
M. Triceps Brachii
- Origin: Caudal border of the scapula, proximal humerus
- Insertion: Olecranon process of the ulna
Function: Elbow joint. Flexes shoulder and extends forearm.
M. Triceps Brachii
M. Subscapularis
- Origin: Subscapular fossa
- Insertion: Medial humerus
Function: Medially rotates the arm at the shoulder.
M. Subscapularis
M. Subscapularis
M Pectoralis (Superficialis)
M. Pectoralis
- Origin: Cranial sternum, costal cartilages and ribs
- Insertion: Craniomedial humerus
Function: Limb adduction (Superficialis) and Adduction and retraction at
limb, advances trunk when limb is weight bearing (Profundus).
M. Pectoralis
M. Pectoralis (Profundus