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ICT4D

What is Information Communications Technology (ICT)?

What is Information Communications Technolo...

ICT refers to a diverse set of technological tools a...

ICT refers to a diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information.

(UNDP, 2000)

Advantages of ICT

Advantages of ICT

• Communication

Speed/time and money can be saved because it is much quicker to send or share information around. Communication is more efficient to contact either business partners or friends and family members all over the world. ICT expands availability for communications. Messages can be send to numerous people/companies across distances. Lives have been affected by ICT in most positive way's bringing families together across the world.

• Cost effectiveness

Numerous offers from telecommunication companies and smart phones therefore making far cheaper than in the past. For business ICT saves incredible amount of money on business flights and accommodations. Only few years ago there was no way to send free message through to the phone, but now people uses social network for free communication e.g. Viber, Skype, Facebook. Saving time and money for petrol as people can go shopping from home through online shopping.

• Greater availability

Websites are open for communication in every minute of the year. This means that a business can be open anytime anywhere giving a customer the capability to make purchase from different sites and different countries.

• Bridging the cultural gap

Greater access to the ICT helps to build the bridges between different cultures giving them opportunity to exchange views and ideas. Also, educate both sides of Communication Bridge thereby increasing awareness and reducing bias.

• Creation of jobs

The best advantage of ICT has been a creation of new and interesting jobs in IT sectors. Computer programmers, web designers and others have great employment opportunities created through the advancement of technology.

• Education

There is new opportunity for further education to improve qualification in so many economic sectors. A degree can be completed online from person's home. It is possible to hold a job and still do degree.

Disadvantages of ICT

Disadvantages of ICT

• Lack of Security/Privacy

Though ICT may have changed and more convenient, it also brought along privacy and security issues. From email hacking, phone signal interception and others, people are worried that personal information may become public knowledge. There is also risk factors with the systems computer viruses, malware, spam, Trojans, etc.

• Unemployment

While IT may have streamlined the business process, it has created job redundancies and subcontracting. Using the computers instead of human resources employers save huge amount of money but employees are losing their jobs as not needed anymore.

• Social media

The network pages are open to everyone including teenagers and young children's which can affect their mental and physical health by watching and playing violent games. They became addicted to the phones, iPod, gaming consoles forgetting about outside activities and communication in the society.

• Cyber bulling

It is so easy now bullying and threatening others in social network pages that this has become much easier for internet users all over the world. They don't realize what the consequences are to those reading/hearing unpleasant comments.

• Reliance on technology

People don't bother to read, calculate or write without computers anymore in same time losing abilities of hand writing (why write if can use spell-checker), calculate without calculator even for minor addition, reading books (why read if there so much information in internet).

more about ICT...

more about ICT...

What is development?

Development is the realization of the potential of hum...

Development is the realization of the potential of human personality through a reduction in poverty, unemployment, and inequality.

(Seers,1969)

more about Development...

more about Development...

What now is ICT4D?

Information and Communication Technologies for Development

Information and Communication Technologi...

  • It refers to the application of information and communication technologies (ICT) toward social, economic, and political development, with a particular emphasis on helping poor and marginalized people and communities.

  • It aims to help in international development by bridging the digital divide and providing equitable access to technologies.

Changing Paradigms of ICT and Development

Changing Paradigms of ICT and Development

1. The Pre-digital paradigm (mid 1940's-mid 1990's)

  • conceptualized a separation between digital ICTs and development. During this period, digital ICTs were increasingly available but they were initially ignored by the development mainstream. ICTs were used to support the internal processes of large public and private organizations, or to create elite IT sector jobs in a few countries.

2. ICT4D Paradigm

  • emerged since the mid-1990's and conceptualised digital ICTs as a useful tool for development. The paradigm arose because of the rough synchrony between general availability of the internet – a tool in search of purposes, and the Millennium Development Goals – a purpose in search of tools. ICTs were initially idolized as the tool for delivery of development but later began to be integrated more into development plans and projects as a tool for delivery of development.

3. Digital Development Paradigm

  • conceptualizes ICT not as one tool among many that enables particular aspects of development, but as the platform that increasingly mediates development

I in ICT4D

Information, I, is related with library and information sciences, according to Richard Heeks, where Information is the use of informatics or information processing not necessarily the digital aspect of complicating the information as layman would understand but simply any information or any information processing that would improve development aspect of the state.

C in ICT4D

Communication, C, is the Communication studies, the art of communicating between or among the information transmitters and receivers, in the meanwhile analyzing and judging the power of communication for the development. Many would believe communication could lower the digital divide, but it is the whole of the ICT that would bringing in lower digital divide rather the Communication alone.

T in ICT4D

Technologies, T, is the Information system, the technologies of processing or using the information and communication (I & C) in parallel, solely or independent of each other. What may the input to it be, technology is always supposed to bring in betterment to the human community.

D in ICT4D

  • ICT4D for Poverty alleviation
  • ICT4D for Agriculture
  • ICT4D for Healthcare
  • ICT4D for Education

D represents as many possibilities of Development fields for a community or a state at-large.

more about ICT4D...

more about ICT4D...

References

References

Browse. Some of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Communications Technology ICT. Retrieved from https://storify.com/RoryP1/some-of-the-advantages-and-disadvantages-of-commun

Mc Luhan, M. 1964. Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man. Published by McGraw-Hill

[Happy Tv]. (2017, October 17). What is ICT ? [Video File]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z-phJHoChTw

[Paudel R.C.]. (2017, June 7). What is Development? Concept of Development - Definition, Theories & Prespective. [Video File]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45r01e6Uv8U

Heeks, R. (2016). Examining “Digital Development”: The Shape of Things to Come? Retrieved from http://hummedia.manchester.ac.uk/institutes/gdi/publications/workingpapers/di/di_wp64.pdf

Revolvy. Information and communication technologies for development. Retrieved from https://www.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Information%20and%20communication%20technologies %20for%20development&item_type=topic

Heeks, R. (2016). Theorizing ICT4D Research. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate. net/publication/250957709_Theorizing_ICT4D_research

[UNCTADOnline]. (2016, April 14). Information and Communication Technology for Development [Video File]. Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7zMNjraEMvY

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