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Water pollution point vs non-point

Water Pollution Point

Definition: A point source of pollution is a single identifiable source of air, water, thermal, noise or light pollution. A point source has negligible extent, distinguishing it from other pollution source geometries

Point

Explanation

Explanation

Factories and sewage treatment plants are two common types of point sources.

Factories, including oil refineries, pulp and paper mills,

and chemical, electronics and automobile manufacturers, typically

discharge one or more pollutants in their discharged waters (called effluents)

Some factories discharge their effluents directly into a waterbody.

Others treat it themselves before it is released, and

still others send their wastes to sewage treatment plants for treatment.

Sewage treatment plants treat

human wastes and send the treated effluent to a stream or river.

Non- Point Source

Definition: a source of pollution that issues from widely distributed or pervasive environmental elements.

Non-point

Explanation

Explanation

Most non-point source pollution occurs as a result of runoff. When rain or melted snow moves over and through the ground, the water absorbs and assimilates any pollutants it comes into contact with (U.S.E.P.A., 2004b). Following a heavy rainstorm, for example, water will flow across a parking lot and pick up oil left by cars driving and parking on the asphalt. When you see a rainbow-colored sheen on water flowing across the surface of a road or parking lot, you are actually looking at non-point source pollution.

Reducing pollution

Prevent

  • Dispose of Oil and Household Chemicals Properly
  • Maintain Septic Tanks
  • Find Other Ways to Water Livestock
  • Reduce Sediment Run-off from Fields
  • Reduce Nutrient Run-off from Fields
  • Create and Enhance Riparian Corridors
  • Pick Up Pet Waste
  • Take Care of Big Issues on Small Farms
  • Read the Label - Use Lawn and Garden Fertilizer Wisely
  • Think Before You Dig
  • Give Water More Places to Go

Effects on human health

Infectious diseases can be spread through contaminated water. Some of these water-borne diseases are Typhoid, Cholera, Paratyphoid Fever, Dysentery, Jaundice, Amoebiasis and Malaria.

Human health

Health problems

Chemicals in the water also have negative effects on our health.

Pesticides – can damage the nervous system and cause cancer because of the carbonates and organophosphates that they contain. Chlorides can cause reproductive and endocrinal damage.

Nitrates – are especially dangerous to babies that drink formula milk. It restricts the amount of oxygen in the brain and cause the “blue baby” syndrome.

Lead – can accumulate in the body and damage the central nervous system.

Arsenic – causes liver damage, skin cancer and vascular diseases

Flourides - in excessive amounts can make your teeth yellow and cause damage to the spinal cord.

Petrochemicals – even with very low exposure, can cause cancer.

Polluted water

Effects on animals

and ecosystem health

Water pollution is a serious threat impacting over 40 percent of U.S. rivers and 46 percent of lakes, according to U.S. Environmental Protection Agency figures.

Environmental health

Acid rain

Water quality is also compromised by air pollution through acid rain. Acid rain occurs when contaminants such as sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide combine with moisture in the air in a process fueled by sunlight. The result is precipitation with acidic pH levels. The acid rain can cause immediate plant and animal distress or death in high concentrations. The effects are especially dire when the pH levels of waterways are altered. Soil contamination can also occur, making entire environments unfit for life.

Effects

Sources

https://www.in.gov/idem/nps/2487.htm

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/pollution/04nonpointsource.html

https://www.google.com/search?q=point+source+pollution&rlz=1CAQIMT_enUS815US815&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiQ_tON-PrhAhVSPn0KHeKtBOcQ_AUIDigB&biw=1366&bih=610&safe=active&ssui=on#imgrc=YbUPEs_qDvmutM:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Point_source_pollution

Sources

http://www.theworldcounts.com/stories/how-does-water-pollution-affect-humans

https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1CAQIMT_enUS815US815&biw=1366&bih=610&tbm=isch&sa

=1&ei=V-fKXPzkNoWOsQXisqiQAg&q=acid+rain&oq=acid+rain&gs_l=img.3..0j0i67l6j0l2j0i67.148614.1

50607..150905...0.0..0.142.1077.1j8......1....1..gws-wiz-img.MFi3C0t7cOc&safe=active&ssui=on#im

gdii=LdP6JC0koZRaRM:&imgrc=3uFBMSzMVQTnGM:

https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/pollution/03pointsource.html

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