Rocks

Introduction to Rocks

Introduction

Rocks are a natural substance and a solid material which forms part of the Earth's surface. Rocks have been used by humankind as the minerals and metals in rocks are important to human civilization. Scientists usually classify rocks by how they are made or how they are formed.

There are three types of rocks which are Igneous, Sedimentary and Metamorphic rocks.

Igneous Rocks

Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma. Igneous rocks are divided into two groups, depending where the molten rock solidifies. The two groups are intrusive and extrusive.

Intrusive Igneous Rocks

Intrusive Igneous rocks are formed when magma cools slowly below the Earth's surface. Large crystals are contained in most intrusive rocks. Intrusive rocks can form plutons or plutonic. Plutons are intrusive igneous rock that has cooled in the crust.

Extrusive Igneous Rocks

When magma reaches the Earth's surface and cools quickly, extrusive igneous rocks are formed. Small crystals are found in most extrusive igneous rocks.

Igneous Rocks

Sedimentary

Sedimentary Rocks

Sedimentary rocks are formed when sand, mud and pebbles are laid down in layers, and overtime, the layers are squashed down into the ground. Eventually, the layers turn to rock. The particles that help form sedimentary rocks are sediments.

There are three-four processes of how sedimentary rocks are formed:

• Weather or erosion, which is caused from waves, transportation and where the sediment is squashed together.
• When overburden pressure from particles of sediment are deposited out of air, ice and water, sedimentary rocks are forming.
• As the deposition builds up, the overburden pressure pushes the sediment into layered solids.

Metamorphic Rocks

Metamorphic rocks are formed by heating up or squashing the Earth's crust. The physical and chemical alteration of heat and pressure from igneous and sedimentary material into a denser form, is part of the metamorphic rocks forming.

There are two types of metamorphic rocks which are foliate and non-foliate. Foliate are layered or banded appearance that is produced by heat and directed pressure. Whereas non-foliate don't have a layered or banded appearance.

Metamorphic Rocks

Sedimentary

Difference between the three types of Rocks

Difference between Rocks

The main difference between igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic rocks is how they are formed and the textures of these rocks.

Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling of magma. Igneous rocks can be formed with or without crystallization.

Sedimentary rocks are formed by:

Weather or erosion, which is caused from waves, transportation and where the sediment is squashed together.

When overburden pressure from particles of sediment are deposited out of air, ice and water, sedimentary rocks are forming.

As the deposition builds up, the overburden pressure pushes the sediment into layered solids.

Metamorphic rocks are formed by heating up or squashing the Earth's crust. The physical and chemical alteration of heat and pressure from igneous and sedimentary material into a denser form, is part of the metamorphic rocks forming.

Igneous

Metamorphic

Facts and Information

Facts and Information

• Sedimentary rocks cover 75% of the Earth's surface.
• It takes millions of years for rocks to change.
• The word "igneous" comes from the Latin word "ignis" which means "of fire."
• Ores are rocks that include minerals that have important elements such as metals like gold and silver.
• Sedimentary rocks form layers at the bottoms of oceans and lakes.
• Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone is exposed to high heat and pressure within the Earth.
• Layers of sedimentary rocks are called strata.

Titanium Quartz Rock

Titanium Quartz is a quartz crystal to which a coating of titanium oxide has bonded, by being added to the stone in vaporized form within a chamber. It is a silicon dioxide mineral with a hardness of 7.

Titanium Quartz Crystal Healing Properties:

Titanium Quartz clears a pathway for the vital life force to flow, energizing and enlivening all the chakras. Wearing one of these stones can make us feel grounded, centered and energized all at once. It helps us to dispel sorrow, replacing it with joy by stimulating humor and relaxation. It can activate and enhance our mental abilities making us more confident, self aware and focused.

Coolest Rocks

Rock Cycle

Rock Cycle

Bibliography

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_(geology)

http://www.mineralogy4kids.org/?q=rock-cycle/extrusive-igneous-rocks

http://www.mineralogy4kids.org/?q=rock-cycle/intrusive-igneous-rocks

Bibliography

http://www.onegeology.org/extra/kids/sedimentary.html

https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/sedimentary_rock.htm

https://geology.com/rocks/metamorphic-rocks.shtml

https://www.ducksters.com/science/rocks.php