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Conclusion

Historical Narrative

China's Great Famine

Life's Questions

SNHU

Wendi Frost

The Value of History

Historical Lenses and History’s Value

History's Values-A collective sense of the past. It defines us as a people, nation, as individuals and human beings.

Ivey, Don (2019)

Historical Lenses and History's Values

Historical lenses influence the interpretation of our history.

Why did past events take place?

In each color of this lens, there is a new perspective to be seen.

China's Great Leap Forward

What were the consequences of China's Great Leap Forward of 1958-1962, under Mao Zedong's rule and what can the world learn from the decisions that were made?

China's Great Famine

  • Why is History important?
  • Does History repeat itself?
  • How does it affect today's society?

Social Lens

Lens #3

  • Focuses on people and their interactions with others.
  • Explores ethnicity, class and gender.

Small pieces-Big Picture

  • Economy central to the lives of living.
  • Regulation of businesses, and capital verse labor.
  • focuses on local, national and international economy.

Historical Lenses

Lens #2

Lens #1

Economic Lens

Political Lens

  • Relationship of those in power and without
  • Ways in which legislation and law influence individuals lives'.

Mao Zedong, China's ruler from October 1949 - September 1976, converted China to Communism in 1949.

Political Lenses in China's Great Famine

  • Zedong stated, "Going all out, aiming high and achieving greater, faster, better and more economical results in building socialism."

  • Under Zedong's orders peasant's were forced to sacrifice their land, homes and possessions to build these socialist collectives for agriculture.

  • Some were forced to move to cities to work in light or heavy industry.

(Peng, X. 1987)

Economic Lenses in China's Great Famine

Mao Zedong had a vision to industrialize and modernize China in a 15 year period.

Negative effects of the Great Leap Forward:

  • massive nationwide famine
  • starvation
  • millions beaten, tortured, buried alive
  • average of 45 million deaths

Main Tasks:

  • increase economic growth
  • build commerce
  • expand light and heavy industry
  • expand agriculture through socialist

collectives

(Peng, X. 1987)

China had an agrarian, agricultural, economy.

Social Lenses in China's Great Famine

Mao Zedong strives to increase agricultural production to sustain industries.

Social issues:

  • heavy population
  • poor infrastructure
  • Government falsified grain production
  • people turned on each other
  • hoarded food
  • cannibalism

(Peng, X. 1987)

Historical Narrative

China was experiencing embargo and blockade from Western powers along with poor infrastructure and heavy population, thus influencing the need for a self-sufficient economic system and independent nation.

The Great Leap Forward, 1958-1962, was designed to further the cause of socialism by increasing economic growth through industry, agriculture and commerce, thus expanding heavy industry.

1953 Mao Zedong created a 15 year initiative, (5 year plans) to shape the social and economic growth of China. This transformation to an industrialized nation would overtake Great Britain in production.

Peng, X. (1987), Chong, P.K. (2021), Zhikai, Dong (2014.)

History Perspectives

  • History can change based on a persons thoughts, experiences and knowledge of historical events.
  • Learning the facts is important, not just what secondary sources have written or assumed. Your bias of a person, place or historical event can influence how you interpret History.
  • Changing the historical lens can also influence your perspective.

Historical events and Ideals lead to China's Great Famine

Chong, P.-K. (2021)

Impact #1

Agricultural production was unable to keep with the demands of the industrial productions needs.

Impact #2

China's national budget was strained from investments in capital construction creating financial pressures.

Impact #4

Zhou, Xun (2012)

Impact #3

China's Great Famine poured

across the nation. Over

half of the population was lost.

Nature related, locust infection, and weather related issues radically decreased food production.

Conclusions

Our Lives

Questions and Answers

China still feels the effects from 50 years ago. Hunger is a contemporary issue that still has not been resolved. The U.S. and countries throughout the world still struggle to find an answer. To many the reality of where the next meal will come from is a daily struggle. History repeats itself when it comes to hunger.

1. Does History repeat itself?

History does repeat itself, although through historical knowledge, and revising solutions, I do not believe it has to be that way.

1. How do we know this?

Famine of Ethiopia__1972-1973

Famine of Sudan__1984-1985

Famine of West Africa__2012

2. Are citizens obligated to know History?

You may not feel obligated, but in reality it is a wise choice. Knowing what happened in the past is important to prevent mistakes in the present and future. Reasonable and responsible decisions that affect today's world should not be a repeat of past mistakes.

Shiyu, Xu (2017),AP Nations, Audio Network

References

Ivey, Don. (2019). What's the Value of History? Center for the History of Family Medicine. https://www.aafpfoundation.org/content/dam/foundation/documents/who-we-are/cfhm/factsonfile/CHFMValueHistory.pdf

Peng, X. (1987). Demographic Consequences of the Great Leap Forward in China's Provinces. Population and Development Review, 13(4), 639-670. doi:10.2307/1973026

Chong, P.-K. (2021). Mao’s Great Leap Forward Brings Chaos to China. Salem Press Encyclopedia.

Zhika, Dong & Translated by Yuhua Gao. (2014). Mao Zedong and the Independent and Comprehensive Industrial System and the Modernization of New China. World Review of Political Economy, 5(4),472-487. https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.13169/worlrevipolicon.5.4.0472

Zhou, X. (2012) The Great Famine in China, 1958-1962: A Documentary History. New Haven; London: Yale University Press. Volume 5. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1nq1qr

Shiyu,Xu. (2017, May 25). CGTN. AP, United Nations. [Video/Image] Audio Network [music]. World Hunger Day. (The Hunger Project).[Video]. YouTube. Http://America,cgtn.com/livenews

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