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Concept Map - Quantitative Research
2
Quantitative Research
Sofia Marie M. Madali
Gr.12 - Obsidian (STEM)
Aug. 24, 2022
Mr. Lino M. Mateo
What is Quantitative Research?
Qualitative research is a process of naturalistic inquiry that seeks an in-depth understanding of social phenomena within their natural setting. It focuses on the "why" rather than the "what" of social phenomena and relies on the direct experiences of human beings as meaning-making agents in their every day lives. Rather than by logical and statistical procedures, qualitative researchers use multiple systems of inquiry for the study of human phenomena including biography, case study, historical analysis, discourse analysis, ethnography, grounded theory, and phenomenology
Kinds
Causal-Comparative Research
Goal
The goal is to discover a cause and effect relationship between two variables (one dependent and one independent). The researcher has no control over the independent variable and thus any relationship between the two variables may be suggestive at best.
Correlational Research
Detail
As the name implies, this form of research takes two or more variables and examines how they correlate with one another. Two or more groups are used to observe the variables and their effects without interfering with those variables. The goal of correlative research is to find out how certain variables may predict other variables and their potential relationships.
Experimental Research
Goal
This method is essentially the scientific method you learned in school. It takes one or more hypotheses and test them to reach a true/false/inconclusive result. It often uses probability in its final results.
Survey Research
Goal
Perhaps the most common form of quantitative research, surveys use one or more groups as the test pool. The individuals in these groups must be picked randomly unless a specific factor is involved (for example, when the survey is related to smoking habits, you’ll want smokers to respond).
To keep surveys as random as possible, data is usually collected in a public place where passersby are asked to fill out a form if they qualify.
Large Sample Size
Characteristics
The first and foremost characteristic of quantitative research is the large sample size to conduct research. Quantitative research is done on a large number of audiences to ensure reliability. The sample size used in quantitative research represents the whole target market.
Because of this characteristic of quantitative research, most organizations prefer to invest in quantitative research rather than investing in qualitative research.
Structured Research Methods
Strategy
Structural research methods like questionnaires, polls, and surveys are used to conduct quantitative research. In-depth information about the preferences of the audience can be drawn using these structured research methods.
Moreover, with the help of the Internet and social media, it is effortless to reach the vast population irrespective of geographical boundaries. You can pay to run your Survey ad on various social media platforms such as Facebook, YouTube, etc. and can collect the opinion of a large population.
Highly Reliable Outcome
Objective
The outcome of quantitative research methods is quite reliable, as participants of the research face close-ended questions. Therefore, there are fewer chances of getting vague information or wrong information from the participants.
Quantitative research methods are used for industrial research purposes because of its reliability. Moreover, the Outcome of quantitative research is easy to understand and explain.
Reusable Outcome
Measurement 1
Another characteristic of quantitative research is that the outcome of quantitative research can be used multiple times. Data collected for one research purpose can be used for the prior study of another research problem.
Sometimes, researchers make the use of the outcome of research for similar research problems, which reduces the expense and time required for conducting research. For example, if you have researched how much money a man will be willing to pay to buy an electronic gadget.
Close - ended questions
Measurement 1
Another characteristic of quantitative research is close-ended questions. Close-ended question’s answers are more specific and right to the question than the open-ended questions. Responses to open-ended questions are more detailed and scattered, and it requires real skills to pick out the answers that you need.
Moreover, responses to Close-ended questions are more reliable than the answers to questions of open-ended questions. In addition to this, people also prefer to answer close-ended questions than open-ended questions for various reasons.
Numerical Outcome
Assessment
The outcome of quantitative research is always in numerical form. For example, the result of research can be represented in percentage, range of numbers.
A numerical output is easy to read and understand, and it is easy to deduce a conclusion from the numerical outcome than a detailed result.
Generalization of Outcome
Measurement 1
The outcome of quantitative research can be generalised easily for the whole population. The reason behind this is that quantitative research is conducted on a large sample of the population.
A decision can be taken for the entire population based on the outcome of the sample population.
Prior study
Measurement 2
The outcome of quantitative research can be used for a previous study of another research. Many scholars and researchers study and analyze the outcome of previous research to establish their research hypothesis or research problem.
The results of quantitative research are more reliable than qualitative research and can be used easily to deduce conclusions.
Sales
How can you plan a quantitative research exercise?
Identify the research problem.
Strategy
An example would be, how well do New Delhi’s government schools ensure that students complete their education?
Prepare the research questions that need to be answered to address the research problem. For example, what percentage of students drop out of government schools in New Delhi?
Objective
Review existing literature on the research problem and questions to ensure that there is no duplication. If someone has already answered this, you can rely on their results.
Targets
Develop a research plan. This includes identifying the target group, sample, and method of data collection; conducting data analysis; collating recommendations; and arriving at a conclusion.
Targets
What are the advantages of quantitative research methods?
Design
Quantitative research methods provide an relatively conclusive answer to the research questions.
Strategy
When the data is collected and analyzed in accordance with standardized, reputable methodology, the results are usually trustworthy.
Posters
With statistically significant sample sizes, the results can be generalized to an entire target group.
Packaging
Design
What are the limitations of quantitative research methods?
- Does not account for people’s thoughts or perceptions about what you’re evaluating.
- Does not explore the “why” and “how” behind a phenomenon.
Strategy
Summing it up
Posters
Quantitative research methods are one of the best tools to identify a problem or phenomenon, how widespread it is, and how it is changing over time. After identifying a problem, quantitative research can also be used to come up with a trustworthy solution, identified using numerical data collected through standardized techniques.