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United States Prison System
3
The United States Prison System
United States
Introduction
The United States is known to be the leader of mass incarcaration and has been known to not have an effective and constructuve prison system with reports of high recidvism rates, having high disproportionate rates for it's BIPOC individuals and having many cases of racism in its justice and prison system.
Living Conditions
Research A
The constant issue within the prison system have led to horrid living condidtions as well has led in prison overcrowding and substantial financial pressures on states to support a fast expanding criminal system, despite increasing evidence that mass imprisonment is ineffective at ensuring public safety. In the U.S., incarcerated people are subjected to humiliating treatment and cruel surroundings, all of which cause severe trauma and undermine people's ability to flourish after they are released. Tens of thousands of inmates are placed into solitary confinement or over-croweded cells, and substantial research shows that such methods have long-term detrimental consequences with little evidence of increased safety.
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Rates Of Recidvism
Research B
Recidvism is a detrimental part of the prison system and has been an alarming issue for the past few decades. The criminal justice system is burdened by recidivism as former convicts' effective reintroduction into society appears to be practically difficult in the absence of financial prospects and basic requirements such as shelter, food, and clothes. The United States has one of the highest rates of recidivism, standing at a statistic of 44% of its criminals to return to prison after their first year of release.
Statistics
- Including the 2 million that are currently in the United States prison system, there are 1.4 million under the jurisdiction of federal and state prisons and roughly 735,000 in the custody of locally run jails. That amounts to a nationwide incarceration rate of 810 prison or jail inmates for every 100,000 adult residents ages 18 and older. (Pew Research Center,;August 13, 2021)
- About 1 in 47 adult U.S. residents (2.1%) were under some form of correctional supervision at the end of 2020, a decrease from 1 in 40 (2.5%) at the end of 2019.
Statistics
Statistics
- "Zero-tolerance" policies criminalize minor infractions of school rules, while cops in school lead to students being criminalized for behavior that should be handled inside the school. Students of color are especially vulnerable to push-out trends and the discriminatory application of discipline." (ACLU)
- "The "Zero-tolerance" discipline has resulted in Black students facing disproportionately harsher punishment than white students in public schools. While Black students only make up 16% of public school enrollment, they account for 42% of all students who have been suspended multiple times. This is in sharp contract to white students who represent 51% of public school enrollment yet only constitute 31% of students who serve multiple suspensions." ( ACLU)
Part 2
Educational Supports
Section 2
With prison insitiutions, they offer different education programs such as literacy, general educational developement ( GED), and vocational programs.
Number of Inmates
The U.S. is the world leader of mass incarcaration with 2,094,000 inmates.
Number of Inmates
Rehabilition Programs
Rehabilitative prisons can discourage future criminal behaviour or rehabilitate convicts by providing skills courses or wellness programs. Incarceration, on the other hand, can lead to recidivism and unemployment as a result of exposure to hardened offenders and societal or occupational stigma.Certain programs for rehabilitation include specific treatment services such as drug and alcohol therapy, counselling for sexual offenders, psychiatric services, domestic violence counselling, family counselling and life skills education.
Rehabilition
Programs
Violence
There aren't many safety standards in the United States prison systems. As a result, many prisons are breeding grounds for violence. Overcrowding, poor staff training, unsecure facilities, mistreatment of mentally ill inmates, a culture of disdain between staff and convicts, and minimal responsibility for wardens are all compenants of violence in prisons.
Violence has occurred in the jails that have these circumstances. Inmates are usually subjected to sexual violence and often with no effective system in place to report violence. Inmates are sometimes abused by the same staff employees who handle their complaint reports. Unfortunately, there are no precise indicators of violence in jails since there is no consistent mechanism to assess violent patterns in prisons.
Section 3
Cells
Cells
A standard prison cell is eight by six feet and has a metal bed tray, a sink, and a toilet. There may be a window with a view of the outdoors. Due to prison overpopulation, most facilities hold two convicts in each cell, therefore an extra metal bunk is installed above the bed.
Dining Facilities
Dining facilities are highly unsanitary and prisoners are not served nutritious and healthy food. They are subjected to usually moldy and raw foods. There are barely any sanitation precautions when it comes to dining staff, who are usually other inmates. There are usually some instances when an inmate has an issue with another inmate, they'll take it out on them with the food.
Guards
Guards
Guards are usually the staff management who enforce security mesurements onto prisoners and surpervise priosners. There have been many reports of prison guards abuse, as well as physically and psychologically abuse from the guards.
Ideal Prison
My prison will include proper rehabilitation for my inmates as well as build their skills so it'll be easier to be released back into society. My prison will invest time into the people rather than the punishment. We will be using extensive conselling for more aggravating cases and first use the concept of habilitation. We will assist offenders understand their faults in thinking, then incorporate restorative notions and live responsible lifestyles.
Section 4
Living Conditions
LC
Occupants will be seperated depending on their crime as well if they had any previous mitagating or aggravating factors. My cells will be in a more "cushy" light than rather the known eight by six feet. It will resemble the cells from European countries like Norway and Denmark.
Education and Rehabilitation Programs
Educational & Rehabilitation
Occupants of my prison will be required to either take a vocational or some form of eduaction class. While in those programs, they will also take a people skills class to understand personal and societal skills. But, will first go through their own behavioural classes as just having these skills are ineffective on their own. A list conducted by ConnectNetwork.com, showcases the five effective types of rehabilitation programs that I will use for my prison:
Education Rehabilitation for Inmates.
Employment Rehabilitation for Inmates.
Counseling Rehabilitation for Inmates.
Wellness Rehabilitation for Inmates.
Community Rehabilitation for Inmates.
Guards
Guards
Guards will be trained to assist occupants with their mental health and be trained with different methods to assist with their rehabilitation.
The End
End
Sources:
https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/analysis-opinion/how-atrocious-prisons-conditions-make-us-all-less-safe
https://www.vera.org/dignity-behind-bars/living-conditions-in-prison
https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2022.html
https://youtu.be/4iEcL6TVw9g
https://www.sentencingproject.org/researchc
https://www.brookings.edu/research/a-better-path-forward-for-criminal-justice-training-and-employment-for-correctional-populations/
https://eji.org/issues/prison-conditions/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/ca/blog/inside-the-criminal-mind/201512/in-2016-habilitation-not-rehabilitation