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Layers of The Earth

The Crust

1

The outermost layer of Earth

The Crust

The outermost layer of the Earth is called the crust. The crust is made up of solid rock and it is the layer that we live on. Its depth is only 0-60 km, which makes it the thinnest of the 4 layers. There are two different types of crust: continental crust and oceanic crust. The continental crust carries land whereas the oceanic crust carries water. The thicker of the two is the continental crust.

The Mantle

2

The second deepest layer of Earth

The Mantle

The second deepest layer, which sits beneath the crust, is the mantle. The mantle is the thickest for the four layers and is 2900 km thick. Its layer is made up of semi-molten rock called magma. Near the boundary of the crust reaches temperatures of 500-900 °C and it goes over 4000 °C towards the boundary of the core.

The Outer Core

3

The third deepest layer of Earth

The Outer Core

The layer that surrounds the centre of the Earth is the outer core. It is around 3000 km below the Earth's surface. The temperature varies between 4000-5000 °C, which makes the layer extremely hot. This layer is thought to be liquid and made up of molten iron and nickle. Due to the Earth rotation, the outer core spins around the inner core, which is thought to be the cause of Earth's magnetic field.

The Inner Core

4

The centre of Earth

The Inner Core

At the centre of the Earth is the inner core. It is the hottest part of the Earth and made up of solid iron and nickle, unlike the liquid forms in the outer core. This layer can reach temperatures of up to 5500 °C. Because of its immense heat energy, it acts like the engine room of the Earth.

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