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Succession APES
3
Ecological Succession
What is succession?
A process that a species and habitat in a given area changes over time split up into two types.
General
Primary
Begins without any soil...
- sides of volcanoes
- landslides
- flooding
Starts with the arrival of airborne pioneer species such as lichens that do not need soil to survive.
Type A
Secondary
Type B
After forest fires...
Begins in a place that already has soil and was once the home of living organisms.
- Occurs faster and has different pioneer species than primary succession.
How it works
Primary
1. Bare rock is colized by pioneer species (lichens & moss).
2. The pioneer species decompose and turn into a layer of topsoil.
3. Grasses grow and displace the pioneer species.
4. More nurtrients in the soil allow shrubs and grasses to grow.
5. Increase in soil depth allowed trees to grow.
6. Animals begin to mirgate to this land and create habitats.
Info.
Info.
Primary Succession is when unvegiated terrain and soil develops throuhgout long periods of time to create healthy ecosystems which species thrive in.
Picture
How it works
Secondary
1. Distrubance (fire) wipes out the vegetation.
2. Fire leaves land empty, but soil is still present.
3. Grasses grow back.
4. Bushes and trees colonize.
5. Consumers and pollinators move back in and colonize the area.
6. Ecosystem is back.
Info.
Info.
Secondary succession is when a natural distrubance occures and disrupts the species and takes a shorter period of time to rebuild (soil is present).
Picture
Importance
The importance of knowing about succession is to inform land mangaments that the land that was impacted by a natural disaters (forest fire) is not worthless land, as a matter of fact, with time, the land, habitats, and species will all come back and thrive again once the land has rebuilt itself and thrive again.