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Where to begin?

Seven Truths

1. Asking a question communicates that a

respondent should be able to answer it.

2. Respondents interpret questions to make

them relevant to the perceived intent.

3. Respondents interpret questions in ways

that are relevant to their own situations.

4. Respondents answer the question they think

an interviewer intended to ask.

5. Respondents do not report what they believe

an interviewer already knows.

6. Respondents avoid providing redundant

information.

7. If response categories are provided, at least

one is true.

Question

Wording

Wording is Everything

Is the US headed in the right or wrong direction?

Reuters/Ipsos Poll

Do Not Assume ANYTHING

Washington Post-ABC News, January 12-15 2017

Beware of Priming

Washington Post-ABC News, January 12-15, 2017

Do you think we should have basically open borders or do you think we need secure borders?

Harvard-Harris, January 17-19, 2018

Do Not "Load" a Question

Washington Post-ABC News, January 12-15 2017

quality.wisc.edu

Question

Order

Influencing Responses:

Two Scenarios

10,509 adults conducted by the polling firm SurveyMonkey from Jan. 1 to Jan. 5

10,509 adults conducted by the polling firm SurveyMonkey from Jan. 1 to Jan. 5.

quality.wisc.edu

Responses

Open v. Closed?

Agree-Disagree

WASHINGTON POST-ABC NEWS POLL APRIL 7-9, 2017

Forced Choice

WASHINGTON POST-ABC NEWS POLL APRIL 7-9, 2017

Ordered Responses

WASHINGTON POST-ABC NEWS POLL APRIL 7-9, 2017

Recall can

be tricky

The Effects of Recall

Provide time references

"People can watch, read, or hear in-depth news stories at different times of the day. Would you say you mostly watch, read or hear in-depth stories, beyond the headlines in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening, the last thing at night, or all throughout the day?

https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/publications/reports/survey-research/how-americans-get-news/

Did you find news in any of the following ways in the

last week, or did you not find news in that way?

https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/publications/reports/survey-research/how-americans-get-news/

Administering

How to/where to administer it?

social desirability (Goffman 1963, 1973)

skewed to Internet users

digital divide

quality.wisc.edu

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