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Terrestrial Animals:

Rhinos,Pangolins,and Turtles

  • There are also concerns about the effect of the pet trade on some terrestrial species such as turtles, amphibians, birds, plants, and even the orangutans. Harvesting of pangolins for their scales and meat, and as curiosities, has led to a drastic decline in population size

_ OVEREXPLOITATION OF ANIMALS

  • Rhinos for their horns are used in traditional medicine, which is a major threat to these species.

Aquatic Animals:

Bluefin tuna and Dolphins

Marissa Linares

African Elephant

The African Elephant is a keystone species that alters their environment such as creating passages that animals can use while they're grazing on trees, or using their tusks to dig up riverbeds in which other animals can also drink from. Many of these animals are dependent on the alteration of their habitats from the African Elephant, but that is becoming increasingly scarce thanks to the threat of pachers. Both savanna and forest elephant populations have significantly decreased and both are considered endangered. The reason for this is because of the ivory trade, in which elephants are killed in order to secure their tusks to create luxury commodities or simply for their exoticism. If there are less elephants, there will be less plants and forests, since many seeds that are dispersed are due to being germinated within the digestive system of elephants.

Ecological Impacts

2.

Houston Toad

Bengal Tiger

Bengal Tigers serve as another keystone species for their environment. They shape the way that prey behave while also keeping them in-check, preventing them from overgrazing in the ecosystem.

Bengal Tigers have been hunted due to them being sought after as trophies. Their body parts are also used in illegal chinese medical practices.

Houston Toads are toads that can primarily be found in Texas within the region of Houston. They've been listed as endangered since 1970, and their range has been decreasing. What's contributed so much to this decline is due to habitat loss and their alterations. While Houston Toads themselves aren't harvested, the environments in which they live in are. Houston Toads require temporary water sources that can last for at least a month, and the urbanization of many wetland areas have reduced the areas that the toads thrive in. In addition to this, these toads are more vulnerable to predators such as fish and snakes.

Introduction/Overview:

The overexploitation of animals not only impacts the animals themselves, but the environment as well.

Some examples include:

  • African Elephant
  • Houston Toad
  • Bengal Tiger

1.

Alessandro Espinoza

  • Aquatic species are particularly vulnerable to overexploitation, which is more specifically called overfishing in this case.

  • Bluefin tuna are in danger of extinction. The once-abundant Mediterranean swordfish fishery have been depleted to commercial and biological exhaustion.
  • Overexploitation is an excessive utilization, especially for profit; overuse.

  • Overexploitation occurs in the aquatic, wildlife and tropical rainforest ecosystems.

  • The majority of animal across the world are killed and sold as food or simply used for their body parts for jewelery etc.

Marissa Linares

Work Cited:

_ 05/05/2024

3.

Economical Impacts

Atlantic Cod

Mexican Free-tailed Bat

The Mexican Free-tailed Bat is an important species particularly for farmers. Since a bat's diet can primarily be insects, they can consume many would-be pests that would graze on farm crops. The consumption of these insects has an estimated value of $12 million in pest suppresants saved for farmers.

Urbanization and habitat fragmentation has caused many bats to be displaced, which means that less of them are likely to support the farmers in the insect consumption.

Atlantic Cods are influential predators in the North Atlantic Ocean. They're reponsible for keeping in check other smaller fish populations as well as small crustaceans.

Since the 1970's, they've been overfished either intentionally or unintentionally as a byproduct of attempting to catch other fish. They've been mismanaged and lack of proper care for them has caused their population to decline up until recently due to laws restricting overfishing.

The Atlantic Cod is a significant player in fisheries, as they've provided employment for fishing communities. The decline in population has hindered these communities.

  • A related consequence of fishing practices is "bycatch," animals that fishers sometimes catch and discard because they do not want them, cannot sell them, or are not allowed to keep them. Bycatch can be fish, but also includes other animals such as dolphins, whales, sea turtles, and seabirds that become hooked or entangled in fishing gear.
  • Dictionary.com | Meanings & Definitions of English Words. (2020). In Dictionary.com. https://www.dictionary.com/browse/overexploitation Libretexts. (2022, September 5). 10.4: overexploitation. Biology

  • LibreTexts. https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Ecology/Environmental_Science_(Ha_and_Schleiger)/03%3A_Conservation/3.02%3A_Threats_to_Biodiversity/3.2.04%3A_Overexploitation#:~:text=Terrestrial%20animals%20may%20be%20overexploited,major%20threat%20to%20these%20species.

  • African elephant, facts and photos. Animals. (n.d.). https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/african-elephant#:~:text=African%20elephants%20are%20keystone%20species,many%20animals%20can%20drink%20from

  • Houston toad (anaxyrus houstonensis). RSS. (n.d.). https://tpwd.texas.gov/huntwild/wild/species/htoad/

  • Overfishing linked to rapid evolution of Codfish. NSF. (2023, July 11). https://new.nsf.gov/news/overfishing-linked-rapid-evolution-codfish

  • Why are bats important. NABat. (n.d.). https://www.nabatmonitoring.org/why-are-bats-important#:~:text=Insect%20Consumption&text=For%20example%2C%20colonies%20of%20Mexican,year%20in%20insect%20pest%20suppression.

  • Bengal Tiger: National Geographic. Animals. (n.d.-b). https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/bengal-tiger#:~:text=Over%20the%20last%20100%20years,used%20in%20traditional%20Chinese%20medicine.

Marissa Linares

BY:ALESSANDRO ESPINOZA AND MARISSA LINARES

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