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Middle East Timeline

Brady Guest

US History

4/27/22

January 12, 1991

1991

Congress passes a resolution that authorized the use of force to liberate Kuwait. Operation Desert Storm begins under President H W Bush four days later with air strikes against Iraq. Iraq responded by sending eight scud missiles into Israel

Kuwait

Iraq

February 26, 1993

World Trade Center is bombed by Islamic terrorists after a parked van explodes below the North Tower of the structure. 6 killed, 1000+ injured

1993

June 27, 1993

1993

President Bill Clinton orders a cruise missile strike on the Iraqi Intelligence Headquarters in Baghdad. This strike was in retaliation to the Iraq Secret Services attempted assassination on former President George H.W. Bush while he was visiting Kuwait two months prior.

October 1994

1994

Iraq had stopped complying with the United Nations Security Council and began deploying troops near the Kuwaiti border. This prompted the US to deploy troops in Kuwait and Iraq began to withdrawal thier troops on October 15.

June 25, 1996

1996

Khobar Tower bombings in Saudi Arabia kills 19 US military personnel. This bombing destroyed most of the six-building apartment complex that was home to the 440th fighter wing. It was carried out by islamic terrorists who wanted Americas presence i Saudi Arabia gone.

February 23, 1998

1998

Osama Bin Laden publishes his fatwa that announces his jihad against all Jews and Crusaders. This fatwa would push forward the fundamental islamic agenda towards terrorism against western interests.

August 7, 1988

1998

Two US embassies in Africa are attacked, killing 224 and injuring 4500. The attacks are linked Bin Laden and his Al-Qaeda organization. On August 13, the US retaliates by sending cruise missile strikes to Al-Qaeda

August 30, 2021

2021

United States Armed forces completed their withdrawal from Afghanistan on August 30, 2021. Withdrawal from Afghanistan was initiated in February 2020. This marked the end of a 20 year war in Afghanistan.

Synthesis

synthesis

Overall, the United States had little effect on the state of the Middle East, there are still prevalent religious extremist groups. poverty, and oppression at every turn. The wars in the middle east that came just after 9/11 have resulted in nearly half a million deaths. If the US had any effect, it was negative.

9/11

2001

19 militants associated with the terrorist group Al-Qaeda hijacked four airplanes and carried out suicide attacks on US soil. 2 planes crashed into the World Trade Center, the third hit the pentagon, and the fourth crashed in a field in Pennsylvania. Nearly 3000 people died in the 9/11 terror attacks.

2009-2016

2009-

2016

This time period is relevant as it marked the normalization of the use of armed drones in warfare and for counter-terrorism. Obama authorized around 540 drone strikes during his two terms in office and an estimated 3,800 people were killed as a result.

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