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Down Syndrome (SPED Final)
Down Syndrome
SPED 100
Down Syndrome
Diagnosis
A genetic disorder caused by an extra- partial or full- copy of chromosome 21.
Three Variations
Trisomy 21: about 95% of cases. Contains three copies of chromosome 21 instead of the normal 2.
Variations
Mosaic Down Syndrome: only some of the cells contain an extra copy of chromosome 21.
Translocation Down Syndrome: The normal 2 chromosomes, however a portion of chromosome 21 connects to another chromosome before or at conception.
Symptoms
Some features are easily identified while others are not present in all cases.
Small ears
Flattened face
Symptoms
Protruding tongue
Slow growth rate
Brushfields spots (white spots in the iris)
Paplebral fissures (upward slanted eyes)
Poor muscle tone
Small hands and feet
Excessive flexibility
Social Impairment
Social and Emotional
- Cheerful, affectionate and socialable
- Cognitive and language delays may cause children to struggle in identifying and understanding others emotions
- •Difficulty communicating frustrations
Helpful Supports
Emotioanl Supports
- May use pretend play to model situations
- Model appropriate ways to handle emotions
- Offer choices: "this or that"
- Use “if, then” scenarios to get a child through the next task
Common Impairment
Academics
- Mild to moderate cognitive impairment
- Delayed language
- Long and/or short term memory are affected
Academic Needs
School Provision Requirements
Vision and Auditory Accomidations
Occupational and Physical Therpay
Speech Therapy
Visual Learning
Medications
School Absences for Doctor Visits
Pictures
Sources
Sources
Down syndrome - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic
Down Syndrome Factsheet (for Schools) (for Parents) - Nemours KidsHealth
Down Syndrome & Social Emotional Development – BabySparks