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Transcript

Hazmat

and

Rescue

Kyle Cadigan

Introduction

1

  • Roles during Hazmat response
  • Terms associated with Hazmat
  • Hazard classes
  • Placards
  • Safety Data Sheets
  • Using the ERG
  • Hazards we face in WMD incidents
  • Ten critical terrorist targets
  • RIC and IRIC policies
  • Lockout/tagout and life hazards

Role of the Firefighter

2

#1

Firefighter Assistance

  • Isolate and deny entry
  • Be familiar with the ERG and how to use it
  • Understand the different types of placards and what they mean
  • Be aware of the surroundings including changing weather conditions
  • Ensure that the team is uphill, upwind, or upstream
  • Recognize risk vs. gain
  • Understand the role of a HazMat FRO responder

Terms Associated with HazMat

3

Definitions

Definitions

Vapor density: The density of a particular gas or vapor relative to that of hydrogen at the same pressure and temperature.

Water solubility: How well a product mixes with water.

Specific Gravity: The density of a liquid relative to water.

Boiling Point: Temperature at which a liquid changes to gas.

Toxicity Level: The degree to which a product can harm an organism.

Definitions

Definitions

Corrosiveness: Degree of damage to tissue either chemically or via inflammation.

Oxidizer: A substance that gives off oxygen to start or enhance combustion.

Instability: The reactive and decomposition properties of a chemical. A material is said to be unstable if it can corrode, decompose, polymerize, burn, or explode under the conditions of anticipated use.

Reactivity: The tendency of a chemical to undergo a reaction.

Definitions

Definitions

Flammable Limits: Limit at which a material can explode if exposed to an ignition source. Expressed in terms of volume percentage at 25 °C and atmospheric pressure. Determined by LEL and UEL.

Polymerization: A chemical reaction where two molecules form one, larger molecule. Causes an exothermic reaction.

Radioactivity: Spontaneous emission of radiation from unstable nuclei or the remnants of a nuclear reaction.

Water reactive: Undergo chemical change when exposed to water.

Examples

Examples

Major Hazard Classes, Placards, and MDS Sheets

4

Hazard Classes

Major Hazard Classes

Class 1: Explosives

Class 2: Gases

Class 3: Flammable Liquids

Class 4: Flammable Solids

Class 5: Oxidizers

Class 6: Poisonous Material

Class 7: Radioactive Material

Class 8: Corrosives

Class 9: Miscellaneous

Placards

DOT & NFPA Placards

DOT Information present

  • Globally harmonized symbol
  • Hazard class identification
  • Hazard class number
  • Must be visible from all sides

NFPA 704 Placards

  • Contain four segments
  • Blue, Red, Yellow, and White
  • Each segment represents a hazard

DOT & NFPA Placards

Safety Data Sheets

Safety Data Sheets (SDS)

  • Required by OSHA 29 CFR 1910.1200
  • The chemical manufacturer, distributor, or importer must provide sheets for each hazardous chemical
  • Comprised of 16 sections in an easy to understand format
  • Sections pertinent to us:
  • Section 5: Firefighting measures
  • Section 9: Physical and chemical properties
  • Section 11: Toxocity
  • Section 12: Ecological impact

5

The ERG & Hazards We Face

Emergency Response Guide

Emergency Response Guide

What's inside?

  • Initial safety precautions
  • Hazard classification overview
  • Placard identification
  • Rail car and road trailer identification
  • Yellow pages: Numerically ordered hazards
  • Blue pages: Alphabetically ordered hazards
  • Orange pages: Guides on how to handle hazards
  • Potential hazards, public safety, and emergency response
  • Green pages: Isolation distances for specific hazards

Decontamination Corridors

Decontamination Corridors

Who, what, and where

  • Used to decon patients and personnel after exposure
  • Located in the warm zone inbetween hot and cold
  • Consists of a decontamination corridor with the following:
  • Isolated entry point
  • Two showers with catch basins
  • Buckets with mild soap and water
  • Personnel specifically tasked with brushing or washing
  • A final area for doffing exposed clothing or PPE
  • Can consist of two apparatus parallel to one another
  • This is used for mass decon

Decontamination Corridors

Decontamination Corridors

Hazards to First Responders

Hazards to First Responders

Four Primary Categories:

  • Chemical
  • Biological
  • Radiological
  • Physical

Can result from:

  • Explosions
  • Toxic Vapors
  • Corrosive substances
  • ... and much more

Critical Infrastructures

6

Ten Critical Targets

Ten Critical Targets

  • Naval Postgraduate School
  • The Monterey Bay Aquarium
  • Presidio of Monterey
  • Defense Language Institute
  • Monterey Regional Airport
  • CSU Monterey Bay
  • Dynegy Moss Landing Power Plant
  • The Wharf
  • City Hall
  • Local Events (Sea Otter Classic, AT&T Pro Am, etc.)

Rescue

7

  • Policies and procedures for RIC and IRIC
  • Lockout, Tagout
  • Electrical Life Hazard
  • Initial Actions For Incidents

RIC and IRIC Policies

RIC and IRIC Policies

OSHA Procedures for Interior Structural Firefighting

  • “At least two employees enter the IDLH atmosphere and remain in visual or voice contact with one another at all times”
  • “At least two employees are located outside the IDLH atmosphere; and all employees engaged in interior structural firefighting use SCBAs.”
  • “One of the two individuals located outside the IDLH atmosphere may be assigned to an additional role, such as incident commander in charge of the emergency or safety officer, so long as this individual is able to perform assistance or rescue activities without jeopardizing the safety or health of any firefighter working at the incident.”
  • “Nothing in this section is meant to preclude firefighters from performing emergency rescue activities before an entire team has assembled.”

Lockout - Tagout

Lockout - Tagout

OSHA Procedure to protect workers from hazardous energy releases

  • Identify all parts of any systems that need to be shut down
  • Determine what switches, equipment and people will be involved
  • Carefully plan how restarting will take place
  • Shut down all involved machinery and associated power
  • Use the right lock for the right piece of equipment
  • Tag the lock with the following:
  • Name, department, contact info, date, and time
  • Double check the steps above
  • Accomplish the necessary task
  • Remove only your own locks and tags

Lockout - Tagout Devices

Electrical Life Hazard

Electrical Life Hazard

Three Stripes You're Out

  • Used when an electrical life hazard is present
  • For downed lines, stay a minimum of 30/60ft away from the hazard
  • Isolate and deny entry using three strips of chevron tape
  • "Do Not Enter" or "Do Not Cross"
  • Tape should be 18" - 24" apart running horizontally around the hazard
  • A lookout needs to be utilized and all personnel made aware of the hazard

Questions?

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