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James Chadwick: Contribution to the Atomic Theory

Sir James Chadwick, CH

Oct 20, 1891 - July 24, 1974

Bollington, Cheshire

Introduction

Education

He accidentally took Physics at the University of Manchester (1908); he wanted to study Mathematics.

education

He met Lord Ernest Rutherford, head of the Physics Department.

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Title

"Father of Nuclear Physics"

He was impressed by his knowledge

Chadwick gained his Master's under Rutherford's Supervision

Title

Comparing the amount of Radioactive energy of two different sources

World War 1: Prisoner with a makeshift lab

1918 - 1919 : returned to England and continued his research with Rutherford

Title

In 1921, he earned his Doctorate in Philosophy

Life outside Science

He was born in a low class family and rose to become one of the most famous scientist in Britain

Life

He was able to finished his studies with the help of scholarships

Married Aileen Stewart-Brown in 1925 and had twin daughters

Atomic Theory

Erwin Schrödinger: Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom

experiment

The probability of the location of an electron is determined; in contrast to Rutherford's model where the exact path of an electron is defined.

Rutherford's Theory

1919: He discovered Protons and Electrons; even the nucleus. However, there because of the great difference of the atomic number and the atomic mass he concluded that there is more

He asked Chadwick to look into evidences to prove his theory

1932: Chadwick's Discovery

By bombarding Beryllium with alpha particles, he discovered that it emitted a strong radiation.

contribution

Neutrally charged and has the same approximate mass of a proton!

Neutron

After the Discovery

Chadwick's discovery caught the attention of the government

Military Application of Uranium Detonation (MAUD) Committee was formed with Chadwick as one of the members.

MANHATTAN PROJECT

aftermath

Atomic Bombing in Japan

Hiroshima and Nagasaki Atomic Bombing

Awards

  • Nobel Prize in Physics (1935)
  • Hughes Medal by the Royal society (1932)
  • Copley Medal (1950)

awards

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