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-the recognition of mass communication as a vital, current field of endeavor and inquiry
- the sending of scholars abroad and their return with questions about Philippine situation
- the establishment of the U.P. Institute of Mass Communication and of mass communication programs in other schools
-the government interest in the relation of mass communication to development
Scholars examined some modes of fiction in different media : film, television, radio, and comics
How well was the transmission being done?
What cultural values were transmitted?
To whom? with what effect? and to what purpose?
Cinematografo - first films shown in short features
1909 - First two locally made feature films - life of Jose Rizal (produced by Yearsly and
Gross(Americans)
1919 - First full-length feature film - Dalagang Bukid ( Jose Nepomuceno )
1924 - There were 214 movie houses in the Phils.
1932 - The first taking film - Ang Aswang (Musser)
1939 - Philippine movie industry is fifth in the world
Today - Proliferation of small independent producers
- the film has vocabulary not known to the general audience.
- defects of the film because it is derived from a folk drama
Nicanor Tiongson
"From Stage to Screen" - examines folk
drama as a source for the Filipino film
"Four Values in Filipino Drama and
Film" - studies colonial values
expressed in both media
Bienvenido Lumbera - heroes and
heroines in Philippine film are derived
from Philippine Literature
ex: Kristo, Hudas, Laura, Aladin, Ibarra,
Maria Clara, Sisa
Uses:
- for demonstration
- provided music
- to advertise merchandise
1930's - radio gained as much glamor as the movies for news ( popular radio programs
like "Sunrise Club" and "Listerine Amateur Hour")
1940's - closure of all radio stations during the Japanese occupation
1945 (end of occupation) - became the real birth of Philippine radio
1950 - started on-the-spot news coverage by Bob Stewart (DZBB)
1950 - transistor revolution (Pres, Garcia donated radio monitors to the barrios "to
combat subversive elements in the rural areas"
1961 - the largest broadcasting was formed, the Bolinao Electronics Corporation
then named Alto Broadcasting Network, and finally became Kanlaon
Broadcasting System
1969 - 62% of the total population (6, 347,000) households had radio sets
1905 - The Philippine Magazine (not popular because it
is written in English)
1923 - Liwayway (became popular)
1941 - Liwayway had a circulation of 89,000 (Bisaya,
Bannawag, Bicolnon)
1972 - Philippine Free Press ( popular for it was printed
on cheap newsprint and majority English
speaking public read it.
Kundimans, zarsuelas, love songs, street songs, and children's songs - some were recorded but not used on stage or in public gatherings
Rolando Tinio - translated an album of American songs into Pilipino for Celeste Legaspi ( and the trend was on)
Hot Dog - "Pers Lab" Taglish and in melodious beat
Pinoy Pop had arrived with song compositions and competitions(organized by Metro Manila Pop Song Festival)
Radio stations were required to play at least 3 Pilipino songs every hour.
Freddie Aguilar - composed "Anak" said to have a folk beat and went international
Joey "Pepe" Smith(Juan dela Cruz band) - started Pinoy rock which sound is Western rock but the lyrics were in Pilipino("our own music"
*There are music critics who devoted serious study to popular Filipino music and disseminate their study through lectures and articles. (Felipe de Leon, Jr., Anna Leah de Leon)
-Definition of popular culture
- Review of Literature
- Identification of Issues
-Identification of the "public"
-Definition of popular writer
-Identification of purpose
- Deepening of inquiry in other
fields already explored
-Identification of other fields of
inquiry
Reference:
Fernandez, D. (1981). Philippine Popular Culture: Dimensions and Directions the Field of
Research in Philippine Popular Culture. Retrieved on August 24, 2021 from https://www.jstor.org/stable/42632570?read-now=1&seq=16#page_scan_tab_contents