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Determining Compressive Strength of CHB
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Determining Compressive Strength of Concrete Hollow Blocks
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Compressive Strength
is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size, as opposed to tensile strength, which withstands loads tending to elongate. In other words, compressive strength resists compression (being pushed together), whereas tensile strength resists tension (being pulled apart).
OUR DEFINITION
Material Testing
How to measured Compressive Strength
Compressive strength is often measured on a universal testing machine; these range from very small table-top systems to ones with over 53 MN capacity. Measurements of compressive strength are affected by the specific test method and conditions of measurement. Compressive strengths are usually reported in relationship to a specific technical standard.
Measured
What is Strain?
The 'strain' is the relative change in length under applied stress; positive strain characterizes an object under tension load which tends to lengthen it,and a compressive stress that shortens an object gives negative strain. tension tends to pull small sideways deflections back into alignment, while compression tends to amplify such deflection into buckling.
CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS
Materials Testing & Construction Concrete Hollow Blocks Test
A short video
Materials Testing & Construction Concrete Hollow Blocks Test
What is Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB)?
- Concrete Hollow Blocks (CHB), are one of the most extensively used walling materials in the Philippines. Some of the reasons for this is their relative low cost when compared to other materials and speed of installation by semi-skilled laborers.
- CHB walls are very weak against lateral loads (pushing or pulling forces from typhoon or earthquake). Adding steel reinforcing bars vertically and horizontally inside the CHBs can increase their resistance of lateral loads.
CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
RECOMMENDATIONS:
It is recommended to procure products from suppliers with products certified by the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and Department of Works and Highways (DPWH)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS:
Consider more environmentally friendly alternatives
CHALLENGES:
- local sourcing of good raw materials and CHBs can be difficult
SUPPLIERS of sand and Gravel for CHB
MawabMaco, Mabini
Pagsabangan
ADVANTAGES
Usually in buhangin and Toril Area
BACKGROUND INFORMATION
MATERIAL NEEDED
STANDARD PRODUCT SIZE IN THE PHILIPPINES:
- Length - 40cm
- Height - 20cm
- Depth - 10cm (4")
- 15cm (6")
PROPORTIONING OF CONCRETE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CHBs
This is done in two different ways : By weight or volume.
WATER:
Clean water should be used. Shall not exceed 28 liters per 40 kg per bag of cement
MIXTURE:
For CHBs: Mix Proportion 1:7
COMMON MORTAR MIX
COMMON CHB MIX
CURING:
After being removed from the mould, the CHBs should be covered with a plastic sheet or tarpaulin and kept damp and shaded for at least 7 days in order to effectively cure.
STANDARDS FOR CHB
MIXING TIME:
If batch mixer is used, use accurate timing and measuring devices to operate as per manufacturer's instructions.
Existing standards for CHBs and CHB wall construction in the Philippines:
National Building Code of the Philippines and National Structural Code of the Philippines, NSCP.
- Load Bearing walls
- Minimum Compressive Strength: 5.41 Mpa (800psi) - For individual CHBs ; 6.89 Mpa (1000psi) - Based on the average gross area of 5 units
- Non-loading Bearing walls
- Steel bars: To be laid in mortar 1 part of Portland cement and 3 parts of sand (1:3) Vertical and horizontal spacing as specified by a structural engineer.
- Mortar and Grout: Type 1,2,3 or Type 4 Portland Cement confirming to ASTM C-150. Standard mix to the building code specifications
STANDARDS
CHB TIPS
- Pouring and compaction
- Curing
- Storage
- Transportation
- Selection of raw materials for the manufacture of CHBs.
- Proportions of materials in mixture
- Mixing
CHB TIPS
- Selection and quality control of CHBs
- Construction
- Earthquake and typhoon resistance
- Maintenance
QUIZZES
1. It is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand load tending to reduce size, as opposed to tensile strength, which withstand loads tending to elongate.
2.What test should we do to obtain compressive strength?
3. Compressive strength is often measured on a testing machine.
4. The is the relative change in length under applied stress.
5. What is CHB means?
6-7. Standard product size in the Philippines
8-10. List down atleast three materials needed in making CHB.