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LGBTQ Timeline

BY: SAMANTHA WOOLSEY

B.C.

2450 B.C. - The Tomb of Niankhkhnum and Khnumhotep

In 1964 in Saqqara, archaeologist Ahmed Moussa discovered a series of tombs with rock-cut passages facing the pyramid of Unas. Soon after discovery, Mounir Basta was impressed with unique scenes of

men in embrace. These two were thought to be the

first recorded same-sex couple in history.

Transgender Caveman? -2,500 B.C.

Transgender Caveman? -2,500 B.C.

An individual who appeared to have lived roughly around 2,500 B.C. has been discovered and named as the first known remains of a transgender caveman. This grave was found outside of Prague in the Czech Republic. In the Corded War culture, where the individual was believed to be from, men were traditionally buried lying on their right side with their head pointing west, but this man was buried as though he were a woman. Remains of an outfit reserved for women were discovered as well. This shows that LGBT people existed throughout world history.

First Recorded Death Penalty - 486 B.C.

486 B.C.- In this time, Darius I adopted the Holiness Code of Leviticus, for Persian Jews of the Achaemenid Empire, thus creating the first ever recorded death penalty for same-sex relationships between men.

1200 - 1600

1424- Against homosexuality and other uncommon forms of lust, Bernardino of Siena preached for three days in Florence, Italy. He called for many items of beautification, such as wigs and cosmetics to be burned. He encourages authorities to increase meausures of persecution for homosexuals and calls for the sodomites to be taken away and shunned from society.

Dante's Inferno - 1320

Dante's Inferno - 1320

In the Inferno, Dante had been under persuasion and came to the conclusion that sexual relations between males was not necessarily homosexuality in orientation terms. These relations in Dante's Dante's day were fairly common, so assertions had become different. In the Middle Ages, these ideas were considered "contrary to nature," not harmful or the cause of sin. This all seemed to occur, when there were more people in one space together of opposing ideas.

Michelangelo - 1532

In 1532, the famous artist and creator Michelangelo started creating pieces representing his love for Tomasso De'Cavalieri, a handsome young nobleman. Being a religious homosexual man created many conflicts for him. One self portrait showed him as flaking skin of St. Bartholomew. Michelangelo gave many drawings to Tomasso, hoping it would express his love. Many people had and still do deny the entire thing.

1600 - 1800

1636- "Sodomy"

Reverend John Cotton in Massachusetts discusses sexual relations between women. This included using the definition of "sodomy" for the first time. The famous minister was the biggest villain, for he suggested that all men and women, be put to death for "sodomy." His proposal was:

"Unnatural filthiness, to be punished with death, whether sodomy, which is carnal fellowship of man with man, or woman with woman, or buggery,

which is carnal fellowship of man or woman

with beasts or fowls."

Jeremy Bentham - 1785

Jeremy Bentham - 1785

Jeremy Bentham spoke out against the ideas of sodomy. He thought it to be unimportant to others, why care about what others wanted to do? He believed that each indivual should be allowed to love who they wanted without punishment. One important quote from Bentham is, "to destroy a man there should certainly be some better reason than mere dislike to his Taste, let that dislike be ever so strong".

Mysterious Drummer - 1648

In Canada, a military drummer was sentenced to a "crime of the worst kind." He was a gay man, and in history, his name nor his partner's was ever recorded. He was to be sentenced to death, though the Jesuits saved him, by offering him a job. ONe with hard consequences, where he would see the cries of people like him. The drummer was allowed to become the New France's executioner. He took the offer, seeing his choices. This was thought to be extrordinary, for executions of sodomites were at their peak, and the Jesuits were at the center of it all. In 1656, there was already a need for a new executioner, so it is not known what the drummer's fate became.

1800 - 1900

1894- Lord Alfred (“Bosie”) Douglas, Oscar Wilde’s lover wrote the moving poem, "Two Loves." It describes how homosexuals felt as though they had to be hidden, and their love could not be seen. As referenced by Douglas' famous quote, "I am the Love that dare not speak its name."

1800 - 1900

Karl Heinrich Ulrichs - 1867

Karl Heinrich Ulrichs - 1867

On August 29, 1867, Karl Heinrich Ulrichs became the first theorist on homosexuality and sexual matters. He recalled of being a child and prefering girl items and even considered the idea that he were a girl. Thus, growing older he first experienced a homosexual encounter at the age of fourteen, with a riding instructor. In 1862, Ulrichs informed his family of his homosexual tendencies, and even ended up losing his job once this was discovered. He then wrote essays and spoke out as an activist on these concepts, for they should not be shunned. He believed it was like a "female psyche confined in a male body."

Edna St. Vincent Millay - 1892

On February 22, 1892, the popular and openly bisexual poet, Edna St. Vincent Millay was born. Millay had created a famous 1920 poetry collection "A Few Figs From Thistles", that explores sexuality and feminism. It was considered controversial, though made her a more popular poet. She lived a life through many relationships and often discussed her ideas on them in general.

1900 - Present

1969- Stonewall Riots

On the morning of June 28, 1969, roughly around three, police raided the Stonewall Inn. The Stonewall Inn is a gay bar

residing in Greenwich Village of New York City. In retaliation

of this event, people rioted against the invasion of a safe

space for 45 minntes that day. More riots followed in the

next few days to prove that this could no longer happen to

a group of people. In total, around 400 individuals took place

in this event. These riots have come to be commemorated in

June with Gay Pride celebrations. This occurs in many

countries due to the effects it has on LGBT

individuals.

Institut für Sexualwissenschaft - 1919

The Institute of Sexual Research was opened in 1919 by Magnus Hirschfeld and his collaborator Arthur Kronfeld. This institute was created as a research center housing a large collection of information of LGBT studies and topics. Though it also had more uses, such as; medical, psychological and ethnological sections, and included a counseling office for marriage or sexual issues. One plus to this location was poorer individuals were treated for free, or given access for free. Other people visited often, even reaching numbers around 20,000 visitors every year. Many consultations were made as well. “In addition, the institute advocated sex education, contraception, the treatment of sexually transmitted diseases, and women's emancipation, and was a pioneer worldwide in the call for

civil rights and social acceptance for homosexual and transgender people.” (Wikipedia)

Same - Sex Marriage - 2015

Same - Sex Marriage - 2015

On June 26, 2015, it was ruled in the United States, that it was unconstitutional to ban same-sex marriage. The Supreme Court ruled in "Obergefell v. Hodges" that these bans were unconstitutional, thus it being accepted. Disregarding these ideas violated the Due Process and Equal Protection cause within the Fourtneenth Ammendment of the Constitution of the United States. Just prior to the Supreme Court's ruling in 2015, same-sex marriage was legal in many but not all U.S. jurisdictions.

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