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Comparative table on morphological typology in Kazakh and English languages

Madina Satybaldina ShFA-21

TOPIC

INTRO

What is Typology?

• Linguistic typology is a branch of linguistics that attempts to

categorize languages based on similarities in structure (phonological inventories, grammatical constructions, word order, etc.)

TYPOLOGY

Typological Map of Consonant Inventory Sizes

TABLE

Topic #1

Topic #2

Kazakh language is a Turkic language which

belongs to Kipchak branch of Ural-Altaic

language family and it is spoken approximately

by 8 million people. It is the official language

of Kazakhstan and it has also speakers in

Russia, China, Mongolia, Iran, Turkey,

Afghanistan and Germany. It is closely related

to other Turkic languages and there exists

mutual intelligibility among them. Words in

Kazakh language can be generated from root

words recursively by adding proper suffixes.

Thus, Kazakh language has agglutinative form

and has vowel harmony property except for

loan-words from other languages such as

Russian, Persian and Arabic.

Having a morphological analyzer for an

agglutinative language is a starting point for

Natural Language Processing (NLP) related

researches. An analysis of inflectional affixes of

Kazakh language is studied within the work of

a Kazakh segmentation system

English language contacts in a typological and comparative perspective. It begins with a review of the essentials of language contact terminology: concepts such as substrate, superstrate, and the various kinds of adstrate, as well as borrowing, importation, language shift, and interlanguage are defined and illustrated. Two sections describe substratal and superstratal contact influence in the history of English: language shift from Celtic to English and borrowing from Norman French into English. A process of the former kind, substratal language shifting toward English, is further described in a separate section with a recent and continuing parallel: the shifting in the direction of Standard Australian English by speakers of Aboriginal Australian languages, who have thereby created a widely used interlanguage, Aboriginal English

ENGLISH

Kazakh language belongs to languages of an agglutinative system according to morphological patterns.

Mainly, easy dividedness of word into component parts is characterized for Kazakh language, because various affixes which are consistently attached to the root are unambiguous: each affix in it is same and standard.

As a rule, the root morpheme in its sound structure coincides with the base in English, because English language is characterized by one-morphemic structure of the word at the present stage of its development: friend - the root morpheme equaled to the base, the suffix -ship is added to the base, which can be called the root foundation in this case; friend + ship "friendship". English verb "read" coincides in the sound form both with a root morpheme "read-" and with a basis of "read-" which suffixal morphemes connect; comparison: reader, reading, readable.

STRATEGY

This differences represents how two languages can be different by stuctural style

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