Introducing
Your new presentation assistant.
Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.
Trending searches
Comparative table on morphological typology in Kazakh and English languages
Madina Satybaldina ShFA-21
• Linguistic typology is a branch of linguistics that attempts to
categorize languages based on similarities in structure (phonological inventories, grammatical constructions, word order, etc.)
Kazakh language is a Turkic language which
belongs to Kipchak branch of Ural-Altaic
language family and it is spoken approximately
by 8 million people. It is the official language
of Kazakhstan and it has also speakers in
Russia, China, Mongolia, Iran, Turkey,
Afghanistan and Germany. It is closely related
to other Turkic languages and there exists
mutual intelligibility among them. Words in
Kazakh language can be generated from root
words recursively by adding proper suffixes.
Thus, Kazakh language has agglutinative form
and has vowel harmony property except for
loan-words from other languages such as
Russian, Persian and Arabic.
Having a morphological analyzer for an
agglutinative language is a starting point for
Natural Language Processing (NLP) related
researches. An analysis of inflectional affixes of
Kazakh language is studied within the work of
a Kazakh segmentation system
English language contacts in a typological and comparative perspective. It begins with a review of the essentials of language contact terminology: concepts such as substrate, superstrate, and the various kinds of adstrate, as well as borrowing, importation, language shift, and interlanguage are defined and illustrated. Two sections describe substratal and superstratal contact influence in the history of English: language shift from Celtic to English and borrowing from Norman French into English. A process of the former kind, substratal language shifting toward English, is further described in a separate section with a recent and continuing parallel: the shifting in the direction of Standard Australian English by speakers of Aboriginal Australian languages, who have thereby created a widely used interlanguage, Aboriginal English
Kazakh language belongs to languages of an agglutinative system according to morphological patterns.
Mainly, easy dividedness of word into component parts is characterized for Kazakh language, because various affixes which are consistently attached to the root are unambiguous: each affix in it is same and standard.
As a rule, the root morpheme in its sound structure coincides with the base in English, because English language is characterized by one-morphemic structure of the word at the present stage of its development: friend - the root morpheme equaled to the base, the suffix -ship is added to the base, which can be called the root foundation in this case; friend + ship "friendship". English verb "read" coincides in the sound form both with a root morpheme "read-" and with a basis of "read-" which suffixal morphemes connect; comparison: reader, reading, readable.
This differences represents how two languages can be different by stuctural style