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GMO Cotton
Masyn Hohenkerk
Genetic Process
The genetic modification of cotton involves adding a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis or Bt to cotton. Modified crop varieties with a Bt trait produce a protein that is toxic to some insect larva. The main reason Cotton is genetically engineered is to produce a toxin that kills the bollworm, one of the cotton’s primary pests.
Genetic Process
Cotton's threat
The most damaging cotton pests are those that attack squares and bolls such as the cotton bollworm, tobacco budworm, pink bollworm, boll weevil, and lygus bugs.
More about Cotton's threat
Disadvantages & Advantages
Risks & Benefits
Disadvantages
-Bt cotton seeds cost significantly more as compared to non Bt cotton seeds.
-The poisonous effects of the bt cotton are not permanent it lasts up to 150 days after that the toxin producing efficiency of the Bt gene reduces.
-The Bt cotton might be toxic to certain species of pests that effect the cotton but not all os is ineffective against sucking pests like jassids, aphids, whitefly. Making their species prosper.
Advantages
-Significant economic and production advantages have resulted from growing Bt cotton globally.
-Bt cotton can substantially reduce the number of pesticide sprayings, which reduces worker and environmental exposure to chemical insecticides and reduces energy use.
-Bt cotton reduces the number of pesticide sprayings, Growers in the United States reduced insecticide use by 1,870,000 pounds of active ingredient per year in 2001. In China, insecticide applications were reduced by an average of 67% and the kilograms of active ingredient by 80% while South African growers reduced sprays by 66%
Are the raised prices of Bt Cotton ideal for the purchase for smaller farmers?
Debate
Debate
The price of Bt cotton per hectare was roughly 79$ while normal price of cotton seeds were roughly 18$. To some farmers the price of a large crop of Bt cotton seeds was not obtainable and they made do with the price of the normal seeds and made those that had a perfect crop saw a profit of roughly 1,154$ while farmers that used Bt cotton seeds made roughly 1,277$. But the profit was never guaranteed. Most crops that weren't Bt crops produced significantly less then expected due to pests that ate the cotton.
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Final Thoughts on debate
conclusion
Bt cotton is an increasingly important tool for farmers around the world. Both large and small farmers benefit from increased productivity, convenience, and time savings. The majority of farmers using Bt cotton globally are smallholder farmers who may reap economic, environmental, and social benefits from Bt cotton for agriculture. Adoption of this technology has led to positivity effecrs for the farmers, their surrounding communities, and the future of agriculture.