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Understanding Monkey Pox
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Understanding Monkey Pox
Victor Velazquez, Director of Training / Recruitment
Exponents, Inc
Answer
What is
Monkey Pox?
Monkeypox virus is a species of double-stranded DNA virus which causes monkeypox in humans and other animals.
It occurs mostly in remote parts of central and west African countries, near tropical rainforests. In those regions, there have been more that 1,200 cases of Monkey Pox since the start of the year
Fact #1
Two main strains of the virus - west African and central African - are known to exist, and it's the milder one from west Africa which is now circulating in the other regions of the world.
Fact #2
Fact #3
Answer
Transmission
The Monkey Pox virus is transmitted through close physical contact, it does not spread through the air over long distances.
The virus can spread through:
1. direct contact with infectious rash, scabs, or body fluids
2. respiratory secretions during prolonged, face-to-face contact, or during intimate physical contact, such as kissing, cuddling, or sex.
3. touching items (such as clothing or linens) that previously touched the infectious rash or body fluids
4. pregnant people can spread the virus to their fetus through the placenta.
Fact #1
And This Is Amazing!
It's also possible for people to get monkeypox from infected animals, either by being scratched or bitten by the animal or by preparing or eating meat or using products from an infected animal.
Fact #2
Monkey Pox can spread from the time symptoms start until the rash has fully healed and a freesh layer of skin has formed. The illness typically lasts 2-4 weeks. People who do not have monkeypox symptoms cannot spread the virus to others. At this time, it is not known if monkeypox can spread through semen or vaginal fluids.
And Remember This
When Was Monkeypox first Identified in The United States?
1st Time in the U.S.
For decades, monkeypox was mostly seen in Africa. However, it's occasionally found in other countries, including the United States. In the spring of 2003, the first outbreak of monkeypox outside of Africa occurred in the United States. A shipment of infected animals from Ghana was imported into Texas. The infected rodents spread the virus to pet prarie dogs, which then infected 47 people in the Midwest.
When was the most "Recent" outbreak of Monkeypox in the United States?
1. The CDC and the Texas Department of State Health Services confirmed on July 15, 2021 a case of human monkeypox in a U.S. citizen who traveled from Nigeria to the United States on two commercial flights.
2. A man who recently traveled to Canada tested positive for monkeypox in Massachusetts on May 18, the Massachusetts Dept. of Public Health said marking the first case detected in nthe U.S. in 2022.
Most Recent outbreak in the U.S.
As of Thursday, July 14, the CDC reports 2,891 confirmed cases of monkeypox linked to the 2022 outbreak, according to the CDC, including 434 in California and 900 in New York State.
As of July
In New York City, 900 people had tested positive for orthopoxvirus as of July 15th - and all of those cases were likely "monkeypox", the city's Department of Health and Mental Hygiene said, adding that there were "likely more cases that have not been diagnoised".
In New York
What are the Symptoms
of Monkeypox?
Symptoms
Monkeypox can cause a range of signs and symptoms. While some people have mild symptoms, others may develop more serious symptoms and need care in a health facility. Those at higher risk for severe disease or complications include people who are pregnant, children and persons that are immunocompromised.
Fact #1
The most common symptoms of monkeypox include fever, headache, muscle aches, back pain, lowenergy, and swollen lymph nodes. This is followed or accompanied by the development of a rash which can last for two to three weeks. The rash can be found on the face, palms of the hands, soles of the feet, eyes, mouth, throat, groin, and genital and/or anal regions of the body. The number of legions can range from one to several thoudsand. Lesions begin flat, then fill with liquid before they crust over, dry up and fallk off, with a fresh layer of skin forming underneath.
Symptoms typically lasts two to three weeks and usually go away on their own or with supportive care, such as medication for pain or fever. People remain infectious until all of the lesions have crusted over, the scabs fallen off and a new layer of skin has formed underneath.
Fact #2
Fact #3
Anyone who has symptoms that could be monkeypox or who has been in contact with someone who has monkeypox should call or visit a health care providerand seek their advice.
According To HHS
On August 4, 2022, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services declared the U.S. monkeypox outbreak to be a public health emergency.
Fact #4
People of Color
Additionally
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently released data on monkeypox cases reported in the U.S through July 22, nearly all were among men (99%) who reported recent male-to-male sexual or close intimate contact (94%). As was the case with COVID-19, the early data show that Black and Hispanic people are bearing a disproportionate burden of monkeypox cases to date.
How Is Monkeypox Treated?
There are no treatments specifically for monkeypox virus infection. However, monkeypox and smallpox viruses are genetically similar, which means that antiviral drugs and vaccines developed to protect against smallpox may be used to prevent and treat monkeypox virus infections.
Treatment
The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is making the antiviral medication Tecovirimat (Tech-Oh-Viry-mat) available during the outbreak and says it may be considered for monkeypox patients who have or are at high risk of severe disease.
Fact #1
Data regarding the number of monkeypox patients who fall into this category remains limited. But Dr. Mary Foote, medical director of the Office of Preparedness and Response at the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, said that the proportion of severe monkeypox cases in the city has been higher than expected.
Fact #2
Vaccina Immune Globulin Intravenous (VIGIV)
VIGIV is licensed by the FDA for the treatment of complications due to eczema vaccinatum, vaccina infections in individuals who have skin conditions.
Fact #3
What Do We Know About The Monkeypox Vaccine?
The United States has two vaccines that work against monkeypox in its national stockpile. Both are expected to work before monkeypox exposure, as well as after an exposure before symptoms start. (This is important: the fact that the vaccines work post-exposure, after infection, sets monkeypox apart from other diseases like COVID-19).
Vaccines
The Biden administration has deployed two vaccines, originally stockpiled by the United States to prepare for a potential smallpox emergency, known as Jynneos and ACAM2000.
Fact #1
For now, federal officials have acknowledged that demand for Jynneos far outstrips supply for the shots. Doses are being rationed for vaccinated either known close contacts of cases or others "presumed" to be at risk of having come into contact with a case, like having multiple recent sexual partners in a jurisdiction facing an outbreak.
Fact #4
Lets See
The city will open up 17,000 monkeypox vaccine slots for New Yorkers who meet the city’s eligibility criteria will be able to sign up for first-dose appointments either through the city's vaccine portal or by calling 877-VAX-4NYC, the department said in a press release.
Where To Get The Shot
This Is Important
As with the city’s last round of vaccinations, the latest round will only be open to “gay, bisexual or other men who have sex with men and transgender, gender non-conforming, or gender non-binary persons ages 18 and older who have had multiple or anonymous sex partners in the last 14 days.