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History of California and Mexico

History

-originally alto California & baja California

->belonged to Mexico (1946)

-"California"-> american federal state - alto

General

Mexican-American war

Colonisation

becoming a province

Timeline

Guadalupe Hidalgo contract

war of

independance

pre-war time

Colonisation by the spanish

Colonisation by the Spanish

  • 1542 Spanish crown claimed California
  • 200 years passed ;division in two parts (Baja& Alta California)
  • spanish Missionaries were brought 21 Spanish Missions : their purpose spreading believe
  • lasted from 1769 -1821

Mexican war of independence

War of independence

  • from 16 September 1810 -24.August 1824

  • beggining: 1810 Mexican independence movement started attacking spanish colonial empire

  • end: Treaty of Cordoba

independence of Mexico and

California

procedure

  • 1521 New Spain was founded as a Vice Royalty
  • at the beggining of 19th century

parts started to obtain their independence

  • several battles

1810-1812 : successes for Mexicans

1813-1816: achievements for Spanish

1821: finally independence of Mexico due

to Treaty of Cordoba

Becoming a province

Becoming a province

  • after 11 Years of war : also California was independent
  • from 1821 on Mexican province
  • Like the spanish the mexican : missions in California for controlling their province
  • catholic influence

Cities with religious names e.g.

Los Angeles (Virgin Mary)

San Francisco (Saint Francis)

Reasons for the war

Why was there a war

  • Americans wanted to expand (19th century)

->expansion policy - James K. Polk (President-1844)

Manifest Destiny

  • 1945- Texas joined US (before - under mexican administration)

-> Mexico didn't appreciate the independency

-> relation between Mexico and America got worse

  • US still wanted California

-> offer rejected by Mexico

WAR

American-Mexican war

  • April 25, 1846 - February 2, 1848

  • place: Mexico/ California

beginning: Mexican cavalry attacks US petrol (25.4.1846) -> USA declares war (May 13, 1846)

end: Guadalupe Hidalgo contract

  • 21.-24.9 1847 US troops win battle of

Monterrey

  • US troops could ward off attacks

  • 19,20.8 1847 Battles of Contreras Mexico
  • 20.8.1847 Battles of Churubuscu city got
  • 12,13.9.1847 Battles of Chapultepec conquered

procedure

  • 9.-12.10.1847 Mexican troops siege US troops in Puebla -> without success
  • 9.10.1847 US troops beat Mexicans at

Battle of Huamantala

Guadalupe Hidalgo contract

https://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war/mexican-american-warvvvv

Guadalupe Hidalgo contract

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

https://www.britannica.com/story/how-the-border-between-the-united-states-and-mexico-was-established

  • February 2nd, 1848

  • ended war in favor of US - treaty ended it

  • treaty -> drew boundary between US & Mexico

Rio Grande and Gila River

  • US paid $15 000 000 -> 525.000 square miles

-> Arizona, California, Western Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Texas, Utah

  • September 1847 - Mexican Government

surrendered / peace negotiations began

  • (-cause -> civil war (1857) )

1850- California

admitted to US

Sources

https://www.wasistwas.de/archiv-geschichte-details/1846-kalifornien-wird-amerikanisch.html

http://www.geschichte-in-5.de/index.php/12-nordamerika/59-der-mexikanisch-amerikanische-krieg

https://www.britannica.com/event/Treaty-of-Guadalupe-Hidalgo

https://www.history.com/topics/mexican-american-war/treaty-of-guadalupe-hidalgo

https://www.planet-wissen.de/kultur/nordamerika/.die_geschichte_kaliforniens/.pwwbdiegeschichtekaliforniens100.amp

https://www.info-usa.de/die-geschichte-von-kalifornien/.

https://www.loc.gov/collections/.california-first-person-narratives/articles-and-essays/.early-california-history/.mexican-california/.

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