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ENGL E101F Wk 12 Ss 2_L14
ENGL E101F
Week 12 Session 2
L14
Copyright by Gladys Luk 2020
- Warm up exercise
- Recap
- References
- Academic Grammar & sentences
- Presentation
Warm up exercise
Warm up exercise
Examination is coming. Let's find out how Mr Brown's students prepared for it.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ip1_5IN846Q
Recap
Recap
- Reading and proofreading practice
- Assignment 1
- References
- Sentences: Simple, Compound, Complex and Compound Complex
References
Recap & practice
Online sources
To acknowledge online sources,
Digital Object identifier (DOI) is necessary
Online sources
What if there is no DOI?
The following must be provided.
1. Retrieval information e.g. date, web page name, etc
2. Full URL (Uniform Resource Locator) for the article after the retrieval information
Online sources
Online sources
Articles from online newspaper or magazine
Online sources
Wiki or other related encyclopaedia entries
Wiki: usually without an author
Can be edited so provide retrieval date
Online sources
Date of publication:
Year > month > day
Date of retrieval:
Month > day > year
Pay attention to punctuation
Practice
Let's have a practice.
Please turn to P.73-77 and finish Activity 7 Section 1 and 2
Answers
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Section 1: In-text citation
The problem lies with Mitch.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Surname + and
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
the Hong Kong Council on Smoking and Health (COSH)
No date: (n.d.) so
(b)
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
4.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
'Ivy' is not a surname
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
(b)
So (a) & (c) not correct. How about (b) & (d)
The page number is missing in (d)
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Section 2: References
We do not underline the name of the article.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
The title of the article should not be italicized.
There should not be quotation marks.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Every item is presented according to the requirements.
(d)
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Only Colorado Business Magazine should be italicized.
The date should be yy-mm-dd.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
This is a government document.
The department should be the author.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Government document should not come first.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
The identifying number should be placed right after the title of the article.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
We do not underline the title of the book.
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
The retrieved date should begin with mm-dd-yy
(a)
Unit 5 Activity 7 P.73
Academic Grammar & Sentences
Academic grammar
Academic writing: Key Characteristics
More reliable, more trustworthy
In terms of grammar and structure
More complex
More objective
More complex
Has a more formal structure
More referencing
In terms of the organization
refer to citation and references to avoid plagiarism
Academic writing: more complex
Grammatical structures:
- Use of
- passive voice,
- noun phrases,
- nominalization,
- relative clauses, etc
Academic writing: more complex
Passive voice:
- Maintain effective thematic development
- Relevant information stays in focus
- Maintain an objective tone
Effective thematic development
Example 1:
An assignment (theme) was left in the assembly hall (rheme). It (theme) was picked up and handed in later by the cleaner (rheme).
An assignment; It (the assignment)
Relevant information in focus
Example 2:
A patient's blood specimen is sent to the laboratory, where it is analysed. The results of the analysis are recorded and typed up in a report, which is sent to the (patient's) doctor.
Passive voice + relative clauses
Academic writing: more complex
Nominalization:
If students develop particular study skills, they can enhance their performance.
The development of particular skills can enhance student performance.
Noun phrase: the development of particular skills
Academic writing: more complex
People use chopsticks, knives and forks because they dislike of eating with fingers.
The use of chopsticks, knives and forks reveals a dislike of eating with fingers.
Removes the need for a subject; avoid using personal pronouns
Academic writing: more complex
Density of language:
Content words vs function words
Lexical density
Academic writing
Has a more formal structure
Uses more referencing
Sentences
Recap
Recap
Simple sentences
one main idea expressed in one main clause.
Compound sentences
Two or more main clauses of equal importance
Complex sentences
independent vs dependent
contain a main clause and a subordinate clause which modifies the main idea.
Compound complex
Compound,complex sentences
At least 3 finite clauses
Include both compound and complex elements
Compound,complex sentences
The movie we saw last night was terrible and the fast food was no better.
The movie we saw last night was terrible
and
compound element
The fast food was no better.
Compound,complex sentences
The movie we saw last night was terrible and the fast food was no better.
The movie we saw last night was terrible
complex element
Compound, complex sentences
[The movie [[we saw last night]] was terrible] and [the fast food was no better].
Sentences with special functions
Sentences with special functions
Henry was ill.
Was Henry ill?
A question
The plane goes there.
There goes the plane.
Ways of giving EMPHASIS
It is a good time to stop now.
Now is a good time to stop.
Sentences with special functions
The dog went over the wall.
Over the wall went the dog.
INVERSION
Yesterday I went home quickly.
I went home quickly yesterday.
Home I went quickly yesterday.
Quickly I went home yesterday.
Sentences with special functions
Inversion involves changing the word order of a sentence.
The most common use is the creation of questions.
Another use is to emphasize e.g. gives stress to a negative i.e. subject/verb inversion
Sentences with special functions
Examples:
I had hardly moved before she screamed.
Hardly had I moved before she screamed.
He has never helped me.
Never has he helped me.
Sentences with special functions
Examples:
I knew her character only after that.
Only after that did I know her character.
Sentences with special functions
Sometimes, in more formal English, inversion can be used to create conditional clauses.
If I had seen you = Had I seen you
If the government did this = Should the government do this
Sentences with special functions
Apart from using inversion to give emphasis, we can also change the word order to change the emphasis and highlight a particular piece of information.
Grace broke the vase.
In this sentence, even though we know that Grace broke the vase, we have not highlighted anything.
Sentences with special functions
If we want to highlight 'Grace', what can we do?
It was Grace who broke the vase.
What can we do if we want to highlight the vase?
It was the vase that Grace broke.
Sentences with special functions
How about the following sentence?
Michael gave his wife a diamond ring yesterday.
Highlight: Michael, his wife, a diamond ring, yesterday
Sentences with special functions
It was Michael who gave his wife a diamond ring yesterday.
It was his wife Michael gave a diamond ring to yesterday.
It was his wife to whom Michael gave a diamond ring yesterday.
Sentences with special functions
It was a diamond ring Michael gave his wife yesterday.
It was yesterday that Michael gave his wife a diamond ring.
Sentences with special functions
Cleft sentences: another way of emphasis
Pattern: What + be
What I like is a bowl of noodles.
That-clause / the-fact-that-clause
He was not worried that she was late.
The fact that she was late did not worry him.
Practice
Practice
Task 1
1. He passed the examination.
2. I will show you my new books.
3. It is said.
4. You did it.
5. He is honest.
Practice
Task 2
1. compound (and)
2. compound complex (but / who was stronger)
3. compound complex (when he argued / The sun ..., and the wind ...
Practice
Task 2
4. Simple (started: main verb)
5. complex (which had ... / as if it was ...
Practice
Task 3
1. Main: The recent attack on 13 labourers is a disgrace to all of us.
dependent: who were ... shot dead
2. Main: We should be ashamed of the fact
dependent: that we have not been able ... the state's food requirements.
Practice
3. Main: It is the duty of us to protect the lives of those
dependent: who are in the majority / who are dependent on us
Practice
Task 4
1. complex
main: We believe
dependent: that the short story is one of the most exciting and important literary forms.
Practice
2. Simple (main verb: reach)
3. Compound complex
main (2) :
You can search for short story collections
and read tips and articles from writers, agents and publishers
dependent: which are currently published in the UK
Presentations
Presentation will resume next Thursday.