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How
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Why?
December, 7, 1941
Isoroku Yamamoto, the vice admiral in Japan, led torpedo bombers into Pearl Harbor, the U.S. Naval base in Oahu, Hawaii.
Japan did this because they needed to stall The U.S. Navy, while they seized oil from Britain.
"It managed only to awaken a sleeping giant and fill her with a terrible resolve."
-Admiral Yamamoto
The first wave of the attack was of torpedo bombers that flew only 50 feet above the water while firing at the ships and harbor while others fired at the decks with bullets. This wave also had 180 air crafts, high level bombers, dive bombers,and torpedo planes.
This wave consisted of similar plans to the first wave, but consisted of more dive bombers and no torpedo airplanes.
Due to to low fuel, the Japanese held back the third wave of bombs and retreated.
Bombs:
they had new bombs made so they could damage more things on shallow land or a beach.
Why is the Pearl Harbor Bombing so different?
America did not know this attack was coming because Japan turned off their radar signals.
To prepare for the bombing, the Japanese would practice bombing an area similar to Pearl Harbor. they did this so they could see the effect it would have. This was at Kagoshima bay. They prepared for the bombing for about a year.
This bombing was unexpected, and left America scrambling to save their people.
The day after the bombing of Pearl Harbor, Japan bombed U.S bases in the Philippines, Guam, and the Wake island
What the Americans lost:
killed 2,403 people
- Franklin D. Roosevelt
The Battle of Midway
On June 4, 1942 the Japanese planned to attack to U.S. Pacific fleets. Midway Island is where they focused their attacks, as it was a key American airfield. Though, because the Allies were skilled in code breaking, Admiral Chester Nimitz knew the attack was coming.
Admiral Yamamoto was commanding the Japanese, and with his lead, the Japanese planes began to attack. As Nimitz prepared he allowed the Japanese to begin the attack, but he wouldn't let them finish it. American planes swept in and attacked the Japanese planes that were still on the aircraft carriers.
After the Battle of Midway the Japanese lost 332 planes, all four of the aircraft carriers (used during this particular battle), and one support ship.
The battle ended just three days later on June 7, 1942, whilst turning the tides of World War II. This win raised the confidence of the Allies, and it stopped the advancing forces of Japan.
The Aftermath
The Battle of Guadalcanal
General Douglas MacArthur was the commander of the Allied forces in the Pacific. He planned to take over the Japanese major airbase of Guadalcanal. With the Australian support, and several thousand U.S. marines, MacArthur led the troops into the battle of Guadalcanal. In doing this they seized the Japanese.
(It also took place on Tulagi)
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Dougherty, Martin J., et al. "Pearl Harbor." Battles That Changed History, vol. 1, Amber Books, 2010, pp. 366-376.
"Guadalcanal Diary." National World War 2 Museum , 11 Aug. 2017, www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/guadalcanal-diary
Kinger, Patrick J. "Pearl Harbor." History, Television Networks, 30 Nov. 2018, www.history.com/.amp/news/pearl-harbor-facts-wwii-attack.
Littell, McDouggal. Randy McNally &Company , 2005.