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Tonkawa Tribe

Introduction

The Tonkawa were located around the city Hillsboro, Texas but were forced out of the state into Oklahoma. They hunted buffalo and deer, planted crops such as fruit, and ate corn that they got from trade. They would also skin the deer they killed and make clothes out of them.

Introduction

Chief Plácido

Chief Plácido was a chief in the Tonkawa tribe that lived in the 1900s. His main language (which was Tonkawa) name was Hashukana which mean can't kill him in English. His role in everything was to be a good leader and get more land for the Tonkawa tribe and he succeeded, but in 1845 (15 years after the Indian Removal Act) when texas became a state many white settlers attacked the tribe and lost everything because of the Indian Removal Act. In 1862 Pro-Union Indians attacked the tribe and killed half of the tribe and Plácido

Facts about Tonkawa

  • Tonkawa means "they keep together in english
  • The Tonkawa have their government and laws but are still U.S. citizens so they must follow American law
  • Tonkawa tribes used tipis made up of buffalo hides because they are nomads and travel a lot
  • They had to travel using rafts over the river
  • They also used dogs on a travois (a kind of sled) to help carry their belongings when they couldn't have rivers near them
  • The Tonkawa would wear different clothing for ceremonies and even have men paint tribal tattoos if it's really special

Facts about Tonkawa (Continued)

Go to: http://www.bigorrin.org/tonkawa_kids.htm to learn more about the Tonkawa Tribe

  • When the tonkawa hunt they will use mostly bow and arrows
  • But when go to war they will use their clubs more than their bows and arrows
  • The tribe liked to trade their buffalo product for corn
  • But they also fought the tribes that they traded with so they couldn't make any relations
  • There were people in the tribe that were artists that made hide painting and copper jewelry
  • Storytelling was very important to their tribes and men told war stories to their children to inspire them to fight hard in war when they are older
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