Historical TimeLine for Special Education

Ancient Greece and the Patristic Period

BC 300-350 AD

In Ancient Greek, Spartans viewed people with disability as a burden to society because they believe that all should be able to fight for what they believe in. With that being said they believed that the disable people destiny was death.

In the Patristic Period, many people thought deformed people were going to slow down society which is why they would sometimes kill them to help society. There were no laws that prevented the killings. However, the bible stated that if we take care of the disadvantage and include them it will help their soul and mind through human redemption.

Middle Modern Period

In the 19th century they viewed the indvidules with disablitiy as a burden to families. Families were not able fulfill their duties because they had attend the individual with disablity. They were considered as "defective and dependent" (Billings, 1895; Katz, 1985; Wines,1888).

1800- 1860

In the 1980s, Special Education was established in public schools however, they did not understand the different types of disablities.

Late Modern Period -Immigration and Eugenics

1890-1920

• In the early 1900s the project of Eugenics started to bloom. Many people with disablities were placed in asylums and or killed to get rid of "defectives"
• There was a huge increase in insitutions
• People that had a disablity were viewed as dispowered.
• "Defective delinquency was a highly gendered explanation of crime." (pg 179)

• By allowing poeple to get murered and put away, the Nazi got their idea of the holocust
• Many women who had children with disablity were sterilized so they would not bring another disable person into the world

The Progressive Era

• In the 1900s there has been an increase in enrollment for special education, however the shools would still segregate them with the general population.
• The schools started to implement more academics into special education to help reduce the criminal activity because they believed that some families were not capable of caring for those who have a disability. "By attracting handicapped youth and keepmg
• them in school, special education would cut down truancy and neglect,
• and thereby reduce criminal behavior." (Lazerson, 255)

1900-1950

• The larger cities had services at the public schools but only had individuals who come from a low income family. Weathly families where able to keep them at home with little to no support at home.

Late Modern Period - IQ Testing

1900-1920

• In the 1900s , Psychologist, Alfred Binet came up with an idea where individuals IQ were measure based on their age, "The age associated with the last tasks he could perform became his "mental age,""(THE HEREDITARIAN THEORY OF IQ, n.d.)
• According to Binet, IQ were calculated by subtracting the individuals' mental age from their chronological age.
• If the individual was far behind in the IQ scale, they were considered to put in special education.
• "The scale, properly speaking, does not permit the measure of the intel ligence, because intellectual qualities are not superposable, and therefore cannot be measured as linear surfaces are measured" (1905, p. 40).

Disability Rights and Advocacy

• For many years, individuals with disablities have been labeled as a "problem" because they are not able to learn the same way as everyone else in mainstream.
• However, Sarah Deschenes, et al would argue that, "we need to pay attention to the fate of the students in thepresent mismatch; understanding what has happened to these kinds of students in past educational movements can help us understand what might happen to the number of students who will end up failing in the standards movement."

• We still see today that students are being misplaced because they are academically low, but that isn't necessarily true rather than some students need more support than others to reach the academic standards
• Students need educators to advocate for them to help them get the resources needed to learn.

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