Age of Transformation

1750-1900

REVOLUTIONS

ABOLITION

Imperialism

Social Darwinism and Spheres of Influence

INDUSTRIALIZATION

Nationalism

GLOBAL MIGRATION

Interacting Developments

Use of Energy:

Energy was derived from wood burning, man power and animal power.

By the end of the period,

The world will have entered the age of the coal and steam power.the FOSSIL FUEL ERA had begun. It is the era we still live in today.

These new resources will expand the amount of energy available to humans per capita.

Go with me to Google Classroom.

Global Population Explosion

Google Classroom Connection

Industrial Revolution

Definition:

period from 1750-1900 marked

by a transition from

Agrarian & Rural

Manufacturing & Urban

Artisan and

Cottage Industry Production

Machines, Mass Production, & Assembly Line

2nd Industrial Revolution

* 1850s to 1920s

* US and the rest

of the world.

* steel, electric,

and automobile

1st Industrial Revolution

* 1750s - 1840s

* occurred in

Great Britain

* textile, steam &

trains

Causes of the Industrial Revolution

Resources

Economic Policy

The revolution began in great Britain because it had all of the components that created an environment supported change.

Imperialism

Agricultural Revolution

Resources

Coal fueled the steam engines, trains and ships of the time.

It was easily obtainable because it was close to the surface.

invented the steam engine to pump water out of the coal mines.

Resources cont.

Access to raw materials. COTTON

England had a vast series of interconnecting waterways that allowed for transportation.

The cotton came from the Americas & China.

Economic Environment

Capitalism (Laissez Faire economics) he government should have little or no involvement in the economy.

Capitalism

Laissez-Faire("to let alone")

Making a profit ($) is the driving force behind a capitalist economy.

Imperialism

The British Empire spanned the entire planet. It was the largest empire at the time.

The British colonies provided

* raw materials needed in manufacturing

* market place for manufactured goods

Agricultural Revolution

ENCLOSURE MOVEMENT: process of privitizing common land. Wealthy farmers brought land from small farmers.

Charles"Turnip" Townshend

promoted the idea of crop rotation

Charles"Turnip"Townsend

crop rotation allows the nutrients in the soil to replenish

Jethro Tull

SEED DRILL

increased productivity

Agricultural Revolution's Impact

1.

Reduced the number of small farms which left many people without a means to provide for their families so they had to move to the city for jobs.

The people migration to the cities will provide the needed workers for the factories.

2.

Increased food production contributed to a rapid population growth in England and eventually all of Europe.

4.

Farmers needed to expand their markets and this leads to the expansion and improvement of the infrastructure and transportation methods of the nation.

Spread of Industrialzation

The War of 1812 forced the US to manufacutre thaier own goods because the British blockaded imports to the US.

UNITED STATES

1789 Sam Slater ("Father of American Industry")

British Immigrant built a working model of the spinning jenny from memory.

Mill Girls

Mill girls were young single women between 18-35 who were from rural homes. They moved to the city to find work. They wanted the higher wages and more freedom.

Most of America's industrialization took place after the Civil War. (1865)

Railroad hubs were in Chicago (meat) and Minneapolis (grain).

Corporations developed...

Rockefeller Standard Oil

Carnegie Steel

Belgium:

1799 William Cockerill smuggled the plans for the spinning jenny into the country.

His son sets up an industrial empire with equipment, steam engines, and locomotives.

Germany

1835:

Germany began importing British equipment and engineers.

They also sent their children to Great Britain to earn about industrial management.

Ruhr Valley coal reserves

Bohemia - Spinning Jenny

Catalonia (Spain) - cotton production

Northern Italy - mechanized textile production with silk

Russia - manufacturing centers in Moscow and St. Petersburg

Japan- start to conquer lands in mainland China

Mexico

Egypt (Muhammad Ali)

France

TEXTILES & TRANSPORTATION

The Industrial Revolution had an early impact in the textile and transportation industries.

ARE WE THERE YET?

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Transportation