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Cecil & Ava: The Nervous System
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The Nervous System
by: Cecil & Ava
Sources:
Sources
Definition: Nervous System , Wikipedia, 23 Aug. 2020, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nervous_system .
Disorders & Weaknesses: Overview of Nervous System Disorders, John Hopkins Medicine, 2020, www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/overview-of-nervous-system-disorders.
Functions: Biga, Lindsay M., et al. “12.1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System.” Anatomy Physiology, OpenStax/Oregon State University, open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/12-1-structure-and-function-of-the-nervous-system/.
Diagrams
Biga, Lindsay M., et al. “12.1 Structure and Function of the Nervous System.” Anatomy Physiology, OpenStax/Oregon State University, open.oregonstate.education/aandp/chapter/12-1-structure-and-function-of-the-nervous-system/.
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Diagrams
What Is the Nervous System?
Definition
* Pronounced: ner-ves sis-tem
* Dictionary Definition: the network of nerve cells and fibers which transmits nerve impulses between parts of the body.
* Explanation: The nervous system is a web of nerves that spans across our entire body, allowing our cells to communicate.
Functions and Role of the Nervous System
The nervous system can be divided into different sections based on it’s functions. It’s involved in sensing the environment around us, receiving the information about where you are. Another part of it generates the responses to what our nervous system tells our brain, deciding our motor functions, responses, and more. The final section coordinates the two listed before, being the integration of both.
Functions
All together, the functions have to work in harmony to keep our bodies working healthily. If the sensation function is not completely working, then we can’t receive the information that our brain needs. And if we don’t have any information sent to our CNS, it won’t be integrated to trigger a response. If the integration were to stop working, our sensation and response systems would not be able to communicate. There would be no link between our two systems, and therefore we could not interpret what our senses would tell us, making no motor plan for our response system to follow. The nervous system is an integral part of keeping our body functioning in general, it creates our five senses, and our responses to the world.
Sensation
The first section is the role of sensation, and it receives information. This part of the nervous system is responsible for taking in what you feel, whether it is the heat from the sun, the texture of a rock, water, anything. What you sense and feel physically is a reaction from your nervous system, but can also be from inside your body. Muscle activity: such as workouts or stretching react to your nervous system. These sensations, also called stimuli (or stimulus), are detected by different sensory receptors, which then sends this information to other parts of our brain, creating a response.
Response
The second section of the nervous system functions as the response. These are the nerves that produce responses to our effector organs, and they are created based on the information received from the sensory stimuli. The effector organs are our muscle or glands, two large examples. The information transmitted creates both voluntary and involuntary responses to what we feel If the effector organ is a skeletal muscle, then that would trigger a voluntary response to something. Voluntary responses are also called a somatic motor, while if the effector organ is inside the body: such as cardiac, smooth muscle, or glandular tissue, the information is called a visceral motor. Visceral motor would be an involuntary response, governed by the autonomic nervous system while voluntary responses are governed by the somatic nervous system.
Integration
The third section would be classified as the integration. These are the stimuli received by sensory structures, and the integration is moving the information throughout the nervous system. It communicated with both the sensation and the response, processing along the CNS (central nervous system) to compare stimuli, taking the information from the PNS (peripheral nervous system). The integration itself would occur within the CNS, which is where the sensory information from the periphery is processed. From there, the CNS creates the motor plan which it communicates to the response, triggering said actions.
Weaknesses & Disorders
Health Issues
Infections
Blood Flow Disruption
Degeneration
Vulnerabilities
Vulnerabilities
Tumors
Structural Defects
Trauma
Autoimmune Disorders
Disorders
Infections
(meningitis, polio, etc.)
Vascular Disorders
(strokes and hemorrhages)
Diseases
Structural Disorders
(brain/spinal chord injuries and tumors, etc.)
Functional Disorders
(epilepsy, dizziness, narcolepsy, etc.)
Degeneration
(Alzheimers, multiple sclerosis, etc.)
Full Body