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"By providing criteria for who can transition and how they can do it, the sex/gender/sexuality system is both altered and maintained"

(Westbrook and Schilt 2014, 53.

do you decide?

does someone else decide?

What makes you your gender?

"how a person’s gender is to be authenticated by other people"

(Westbrook and Schilt 2014, 33).

Competing approaches

Biology v. Identity

1

Biology-based

2

Identity-based

Determining b/c of doing

when one "does gender," others determine their gender.

What about legal and policy decisions?

Is it as simple as, "you present as A, so you are A?"

Gender

panic

Depending on the space, one's gender is more likely to be determined by biology, as opposed to identity

what about trans people?

The authors argue that for trans people, the space in which there is discrimination dictates how others will determine their gender.

"bodies (mainly the presence or absence of the penis) matter for determining gender in women’s spaces

"by using changeable bodily aspects to determine gender, the basic premises of the 'sex/gender/sexuality system' (Seidman 1995) are maintained" (Westbrook and Schilt 2014, 35.)

because of cultural ideologies of women as inherently vulnerable and in need of protection (Hollander 2001)

When do bodies matter?

that reproduce gender inequality under the guise of protecting women"

(Westbrook and Schilt 2014, 35).

The three categories of the study

1

WORK

2

women-only spaces

Gender-Segregated Spaces

3

Results

for each space, what do the authors find?

How does space dictate determining gender for trans people?

What determines a man?

What determines a woman?

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