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ICRA CH. 4

Controlling Contaminants

A substance that introduces impurities or foreign matter into an atmosphere is known as a contaminant.

Contaminants & Infectious Agents

Harmful contaminants are known as infectious agents.

If this then that...

All infectious agents are contaminants, but not all contaminants are infectious agents...

Transmission

Contaminants that are infectious agents can be transmitted via:

  • Water

  • Blood
  • Airborne

  • Surface

Waterborne

Sources

Black Water

Grey Water

Potable Water

Bloodborne

Bloodborne

Airborne

Airborne

Surface

Surface Contact

Most common types of infectious agents are bacteria, fungi, and mold.

Common Types of Contaminants

Staphylococcus

One of the most common types of bacteria, usually entering the skin through:

A cut or skin sore

Examples...

Bacteria

A mucous Membrane

Examples...

or The Bloodstream

Examples...

Effects

Staph

A staph infection can attack internal organs and even cause death if spread over a large area of tissue.

Although a staph infection must be treated with antibiotics, the bacteria can mutate to become resistant to those antibiotics.

Ways to be Proactive....

Making use of antibiotic ointment and bandages to cover up cuts, scrapes, or punctures to the skin can minimize the transfer of bacteria.

Washing hands frequently with an anti-bacterial soap or alcohol based gel can prevent exposure.

As well as using the proper techniques to cover your nose and mouth while sneezing. (video)

Probiotics

When working in a healthcare facility, it is important to keep contaminants from transferring through the air.

Pre-Cnstruction

Inspection

Construction

Controlling Contaminants

Turn Over

Demolition

Punch Out

Methods used to control contaminants include:

Controls

  • Proper work techniques

  • Controlling the negative, positive, and equal air pressure

  • Using an air filtration device

  • Isolating the ventilation system

  • Constructing barriers

HEPA-

High-Efficiency Particulate Air Machine

HEPA Machines

A HEPA machine is an air filtration system that removes 99.97% of airborne particulate greater than .3 microns in diameter.

What is a HEPA machine?

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