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d

CONTRIBUTION OF BEHAVIORISM

Emphasize on a impirical method:

Behaviorism highlights the value of empirical techniques in behavior research, which paved the way for the creation of experimental psychology and the application of the scientific method to psychology.

c

Development of behavior therapy:

Behaviorism paved the way for the creation of behavior therapy, a type of psychotherapy that uses rewards and penalties to change maladaptive behavior.

Influence on other school of psychology:

Several psychological schools, including cognitive psychology and social learning theory, have drawn inspiration from behaviorism and integrated its ideas into their own theories of human behavior.

Behavior is the result of environmental factors:

Watson holds that environmental influences like reward, punishment, and conditioning are the cause of all behavior, including complex human behavior.

Mind and consciousness are not relevant to psychology:

ASUMPTIONS OF BEHAVIORISM

Watson disagreed that the mind or consciousness could be a valid subject of study in psychology. We contend that behaviorism should only concentrate on behavior that can be observed and refrain from conjecturing about mental processes.

Animal behavior can be used to understand human behavior :

Given that both animal and human behavior are influenced by the same environmental factors, Watson thinks that studying animal behavior may shed light on human behavior.

e

a

Though behaviorism, like Watson's theory, has greatly influenced psychology, it is not without criticism. Behaviorism oversimplifies human behavior, ignores the influence of biology and genetics on behavior, fails to account for the complexity of human motivation, and is excessively deterministic. Despite its benefits, behaviorism is not a perfect explanation of human behavior, so it is important to recognize its limitations and incorporate alternative viewpoints.

JOHN WATSON'S THEORY ON BEHAVIORISM

John B. Watson

(1878-1958)

John B. Watson was a pioneering psychologist who played an important role in developing behaviorism. He is remembered for his research on the conditioning process.

REFERENCES:

KEY TERMS OF BEHAVIORISM

WHAT IS BEHAVIORISM?

According to John B. Watson's behaviorism learning theory, behaviors may be observed, learned, and altered.

Every behavior is learned through conditioning, which is brought about by interactions with the surroundings. According to behaviorism, behavior can be examined in a systematic and observable manner with no consideration of internal mental states. Behaviors can be measured and trained by using punishment and reinforcement. These are ways that people will either decrease a non-desired behavior or increase a desired behavior.

https://tinyurl.com/4n8574pj

https://www.verywellmind.com/john-b-watson-biography-1878-1958-2795550#toc-early-life-of-john-b-w

https://philonotes.com/2023/03/watsons-theory-of-behaviorism-key-concepts#:~:text=Learning%20is%20a%20process%20of,punished%20depending%20on%20their%20consequences.

https://www.azquotes.com/author/41954-John_B_Watson#google_vignette

Classical Conditioning: A technique used in behavioral training in which a naturally occurring stimulus is paired with a response.

Operant Conditioning: A method of learning that occurs through reinforcements and punishments for behavior.

Reinforcements: Used in operant conditioning to refer to anything that increases the likelihood that a response will occur

Punishment: Used in operant conditioning to refer to any change that occurs after a behavior that reduces the likelihood that that behavior will occur again in the future.

Behavior is observable and measurable:

Environment shapes behavior:

b

Watson opposed the notion that introspection or the study of subjective experience is a useful approach for comprehending human behavior, arguing that the only relevant data in psychology is conduct that can be observed and quantified objectively.

Watson pointed out the role of conditioning, or the process of learning by association, in shaping behavior. Watson argues that human behavior is the product of environmental occurrences that influence an individual's learning and experience.

f

KEY PRICIPLES OF BEHAVIORISM

Learning is a process of conditioning:

Behavior can be predicted and control:

Since behavior is acquired through conditioning, it can be anticipated and managed by changing the learning environment. Behavior can also be modified or shaped by adjusting the stimuli and the consequences of a behavior.

According to the Watson theory of behaviorism, all behavior is acquired through conditioning, which entails learning the relationship between stimuli and responses that are either rewarded or punished based on the outcomes.

ICE BREAKER!!!!

The first aim of a good college is not to teach books, but the meaning and purpose of life. Hard study and the learning of books are only a means to this end. We develop power and courage and determination and we go out to achieve Truth, Wisdom and Justice. If we do not come to this, the cost of schooling is wasted.

John B. Watson

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