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SONNET 127
Shakespeare's sonnets
SHAKESPEARE'S SONNETS
Shakespeare wrote 154 sonnets between 1585 and 1609, the period during which the theatres were closed because of the plague so he started writing sonnets.
They can be divided into two groups:
-"Fair Youth"
-"Dark Lady"
Fair Youth
FAIR YOUTH
The first group of sonnets, from 1 to 126, is focused on the poet's love for what he called "fair youth". He's a mysterious man. It is thought that he could be a Shakespeare's friend while others believe that the author speas of his youthful ego. The most important theme is the Time that can be defeated only thanks to love, procreation and poetry that can give eternity to the characters.
Dark Lady
THE DARK LADY
The second group of sonnets, from 127 to 154, is focused on a peculiar kind of love: the poet loves a dark lady. She is a woman described in Shakespeare'a sonnets and so called because the poem makes clear that she has black hair and dark skin . The description of the woman distinguishes itself from by being overtly sexual.
SONNET 127
SONNET 127
In the old age black was not counted fair
Sonnet 127 defends the poet’s taste for brunettes. In Elizabethan times, as the poet says, black was not considered beautiful "In the old age black was not counted fair,/Or, if it were, it bore not beauty's name". However now tastes have changed. The poet not only focuses on the idea of beautiful, but also on the use of cosmetics. In fact it is upset by how women use cosmetics to improve their natural appearance. Cosmetics devalue the idea of beauty since they allow women to change their appearance based on what is considered beautiful. The poet, is glad that she does not use it and he appreciates its dark color, which also becomes a way to discredit the cosmetics themselves. In fact its appearance is not changed by the use of cosmetics
Analysis
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ANALYSIS
Being a Shakespeare's sonnet, it's known that it's structured in 3 quatrains and 1 couplet. In each line it is used iambic pentameter, in facts they contain five sets of two beats: the first syllable is stressed while the second is unstressed and so on. As regards the poetic techniques, the sonnet includes:
-alliteration, the repetition of the same consonant sound (line 2: bore and beauty; line 4: beauty and bastard)
-enjambment, occurs when the poet cuts of a line before the stopping point (between lines 10/11)
-metaphor, a comparison between two elements without using "like" or "as" (he compares his mistress's eyes to the dark feathers of a raven)
Themes
Themes
-theme of beauty and trasformation: he considers the past and the present and he decides that the idea of beauty now is less natural and less genuine than it was in the past.
- the acceptance of darkness: the poet declines the fair beauty as the ideal look and he appreciates also the darkness
-theme of cosmetics: in that age were used to decore the body, especially the face. The Dark Lady is an ecception because she doesn't use them and Shakespeare is really happy for this.
SOMETHING MORE
DIFFERENCES WITH PETRARCHAN SONNETS (Erano i capei d'oro a l'aura sparsi):
The poet reverses in fact all the qualities conventionally attributed to the beloved woman(the pure and angelic beauty, the golden hair like the Sun, the pink complexion,...) and he focuses on a more real and concrete model of woman
COMPARAISONS WITH SONNET 130
Both are focused on the idea of beauty: in the sonnet 130 Shakespeare lists all the flaws of the lady but at the end he says that he loves her anyway. In sonnet 127, he knows that she is not perfect but he loves her anyway because she no makes use of cosmetics and she has a natural beauty. In addition, in the two sonnets the poet talks about this woman with a darkskin, black wire hair and black eyes that is really different from the ideal of female beauty.
PLUS
ACTUALITY
Also nowadays, as the woman to which Shakespeare dedicated the sonnet, we tend to use many cosmetics to hide our flaws and to look like the models we see in movies, on social media etc.etc. That represent ideals of beauty, especially female beauty. In other more "serious" occasions, some people use cosmetic surgery, which unlike makeup which is a change that lasts for a period , makes permanent changes and are very expensive treatments.