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United States vs. Canada

Government

U.S. Government

US Government

The Federal Government is composed of three distinct branches: legislative, executive, and judicial, whose powers are vested by the U.S. Constitution in the Congress, the President, and the Federal courts, respectively.

Federal elections occur every two years, on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November. Every member of the House of Representatives and about one-third of the Senate is up for reelection in any given election year. Federal elections are administered by State and local Governments, although the specifics of how elections are conducted differ between the states.

Elections & Voting

State/Local

Under the Tenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, all powers not granted to the Federal Government are reserved for the States and the people. All State Governments are modeled after the Federal Government and consist of three branches: executive, legislative, and judicial.

Executive Branch- In every state, the executive branch is headed by a governor who is directly elected by the people. In most states, the other leaders in the executive branch are also directly elected, including the lieutenant governor, the attorney general, the secretary of state, and auditors and commissioners.

Legislative Branch- All 50 states have legislatures made up of elected representatives, who consider matters brought forth by the governor or introduced by its members to create legislation that becomes law. The legislature also approves a state’s budget and initiates tax legislation and articles of impeachment.

State & Local Government

Local Government

Local governments generally include two tiers: counties, also known as boroughs in Alaska and parishes in Louisiana, and municipalities, or cities/towns. In some states, counties are divided into townships. Municipalities can be structured in many ways, as defined by state constitutions, and are called, variously, townships, villages, boroughs, cities, or towns. Various kinds of districts also provide functions in local government outside county or municipal boundaries, such as school districts or fire protection districts.

Municipalities generally take responsibility for parks and recreation services, police and fire departments, housing services, emergency medical services, municipal courts, transportation services (including public transportation), and public works (streets, sewers, snow removal, signage, and so forth).

State and Local Government Cont.

Canada's government

Canadian Government

King or queen is the head of state, the prime minister is the head of government

Three levels: federal, provincial or territorial, municipal

Parliament has three parts: sovereign, senate, the house of commons

Canadian Government. Get to know Canada. Canada.ca. 07-24-2017

The three levels of government

Federal: prime minister heads

mail

taxes

money

criminal law

foreign affairs

national defense

employment insurance

infrastructure

national land

Provincial: premier leads each territory

Can change laws, manage own public land

education

health care

road regulations

Municipal: Mayor

parks

parking

libraries

roadways

local public affairs

Parliament

Parliament has three parts: sovereign, senate, the house of commons

Sovereign: king and queen

Senate: 105 members, approve or reject bills, deem something unconstitutional

House of Commons: create bills

Citizens and representatives

Citizens can elect for all levels of government

Elected representatives hold positions in:

city councils

the federal House of Commons

provincial and territorial legislatures

Their duties include:

passing laws

approving and monitoring spending

keeping the government accountable

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